Steering head angle

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Steering head angle to the vertical and caster

The steering head angle , also steering axis angle, describes the angle of attack of the steering axis of the front wheel of single-track vehicles. In the case of automobiles, one speaks of the caster angle , including steering axis angle , in the longitudinal direction. The position of the wheel steering axle - with actively steered wheels, it is usually inclined slightly backwards behind the wheel axle and in front of the wheel contact point - and the caster or the caster distance are important parameters for the steering geometry of vehicles.

motorcycle

For motorcycles , the steering head angle (also called fork head angle ) is specified between the vertical or horizontal and the steering axis of rotation. The steeper the fork, the easier it is to steer the vehicle or "tip" it in an inclined position. This also has the consequence that wind or bumps in the road can lead to "fluttering" of the steering. Agile motorcycles such as enduros and sports motorcycles have a relatively steep steering head angle, while choppers and cruisers have a relatively flat one.

The steering head angle is usually between 67 ° and 57 ° to the horizontal, with choppers also flatter. A large steering head angle (related to the horizontal) contributes to agile, smooth steering, a small steering head angle increases directional stability. This is why large steering head angles are predominantly found on sports motorcycles, while small steering head angles are found in cruisers or choppers.

The illustration below shows the steering head angle to the vertical. The following examples cover both values, with the former describing the angle to the vertical (for clarification with the accompanying drawing).

Example values ​​for motorcycles

  • Super athletes, sports tourers: 25–23 ° (or 65–67 ° between the ground and the steering axis)
  • Naked bikes, tourers: 27–24 ° (or 63–66 °)
  • Enduros, supermotos, motocross: 28–24 ° (or 62–66 °)
  • Chopper, cruiser: 37–26 ° (or 53–64 °)

bicycle

Steering head angle to the horizontal

In bicycles , the angle is most often between the roadway parallel specified horizontal and the steering axis of rotation and the steering head angle mentioned.

Example values ​​for mountain bikes:

  • Cross Country: 70-72 °
  • All Mountain: 69 °
  • Freeride: 64–68 °

Different types of bikes:

  • Artificial wheel: 85 °
  • Racing bike (road): 72–74 °
  • Travel bike 71 °
  • Dutch bike, bike ball bike (hall): 65 °
  • Cruiser: 60 ° (and less)
  • 3-wheel racing wheelchair: approx. 45 °
  • Low racing handbike of a leg amputee: approx. 25 °

For comparison: A wave board has - two - steering axes inclined in the opposite direction, with a steering angle inclined roughly 70 ° to the horizontal.

automobile

For automobiles , the angle ( ) between the vertical and the projection of the steering axis of rotation on the longitudinal plane is specified. In technical terminology, it is called the caster angle or steering axis angle.

Example:

  • Car street 3–5 °
  • Off-road cars 3–8 °
  • Quad 5–10 °

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Example of an automobile
  2. ↑ Steering head angle to the vertical at Yamaha
  3. ↑ Lexicon steering geometry at MotorradOnline.de
  4. ↑ Lenkkopfwinkel at Krad24.de ( Memento from December 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ MOTORCYCLE: Perfect driving with MOTORRAD; Motorbuch Verlag Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-613-02176-5
  6. ↑ Image 11629435 of participant 502 in a pararace of the Jungfrau Marathon on September 6, 2019 alphafoto.com, accessed October 27, 2019.
  7. ↑ Disabled sports: The course of Zanardi's accident apparently clarified orf.at, Jun 22, 2020, accessed June 22, 2020.

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