List of IVD information sheets

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
IVD leaflets

IVD-Merkblätter is the name of a series of technical data sheets published by the IVD INDUSTRIEVERBAND DICHTSTOFFE EV (Düsseldorf).

The leaflets deal with technical issues relating to the topic of joint sealing in construction, in particular on issues that are not yet adequately covered by the current regulations. They are recognized as state of the art in the professional world and are therefore part of the basic equipment of contractors, planners and construction companies, but are also used as a standard work by building experts, specialist lawyers for building and architectural law and, in the event of disputes, by judges. The first leaflet appeared shortly after the association was founded in 1986. Since then, new leaflets have appeared every year at irregular intervals. At the same time, the existing information sheets were regularly updated and, for example, adapted to the development of European standards.

The technical data sheets of the IVD are available for free download.

IVD leaflets

IVD leaflet 1 - Sealing of floor joints with elastic sealants

The sealing of floor joints places high demands on everyone involved and can therefore only be jointly responsible for. The design, calculation and selection of the sealant to be used is a planning task. This primarily includes the exact calculation of the minimum joint width. This leaflet contains guide values ​​for the minimum joint width. Exact dimensional changes in the components must be calculated by the planner.

The sealant manufacturer is responsible for the quality and conformity of the properties and data of his products. The planner and the processor are dependent on this information. The sealing of floor joints places special demands on the executing company with regard to the necessary preparatory work. Therefore only experienced specialist companies should be commissioned with the work.

IVD leaflet 2 - Classification of sealants

The leaflet defines and explains the requirements of European and international standardization as well as the Construction Products Directive for sprayable sealants.

The following regulations are available as corresponding standards:

  • EN ISO 11600
  • EN 15651-1 ... 5 and the standards cited therein.

In addition, sealants can also be classified according to the areas of application, the elastic / plastic behavior and the permissible total deformation (ZGV), which is also referred to as mobility.

The purpose of classifications is to provide the user with basic information about a sealant in an easily understandable way.

To describe sealants, in addition to the terms elastic and plastic, auxiliary terms such as B. used permanently elastic, soft elastic, hard elastic or permanently plastic. These terms are not allowed and confuse the user. In the original IVD leaflet No. 2 (March 1999 edition), the IVD technical working group therefore added the terms elastic and plastic to the terms elastoplastic and plastoelastic.

The characterization of sealants as elastic, plastic, elastoplastic and plastoelastic, as well as the connection of the standardized test method for the determination of the resilience with the permissible total deformation determined through many years of practical experience, has proven itself, but was mainly only used on the German market.

Due to the introduction of the European standard EN 15651 and the classifications of sealants used in it, it is necessary to adopt this classification system. The EN 15651 also influences the scope of other existing DIN standards , such as B. DIN 18545-2 "Sealing of glazing with sealants" and DIN 18540 .

Only those parts of the German standards (as residual standards) that are not part of EN 15651 remain. With the publication in the Official Journal of European Union (OJEU), the harmonized parts of EN 15651 become mandatory and require the CE marking according to the Construction Products Directive.

The aim of the leaflet is to provide a generally applicable overview for sealants, which takes into account the existing standards and labeling regulations and also regulates the relationship between permissible overall deformation, sealant type and the requirements to be met by the sealant.

IVD leaflet 3-1 - Constructional execution and sealing of joints in sanitary and damp rooms - Part 1: Sealing with sprayable sealants

There is hardly any other area of ​​application where so many different building materials come into play. B. tiles, natural stones, wood, glass, plastics, metals and sanitary furnishings on top of each other.

All of these building materials and components behave differently when subjected to mechanical and thermal loads, so that the jointed and sealed connection points with sprayable sealants have to absorb different levels of movement and withstand the load accordingly.

The risk of cracking through which moisture / water can penetrate the building structure in an uncontrolled manner is therefore great. In addition to the design, the leaflet shows the correct use of the various sealants and their quality requirements.

IVD-Merkblatt 3-2 - Constructional execution and sealing of joints in sanitary and damp rooms - Part 2: Sealing of tubs and shower trays in connection with flexible frame tapes / tub edge sealing tapes

The separation of this leaflet into 2 parts serves to present the topic more clearly for the planner and processor.

Leaflet No. 3-2 serves as a supplement to IVD Leaflet No. 3-1.

When sealing expansion joints on tubs and shower trays, other materials can be used in addition to the sprayable sealant for a sustainable sealing concept. These materials are mainly dealt with in this leaflet:

  • Flexible frame hinges
  • Bathtub rim sealing tapes

Basic statements on the standardization and quality of sprayable sealants as well as the classification and quality requirements of the sealants according to DIN EN 15651-3 are detailed in IVD leaflet No. 3-1.

IVD leaflet 4 - Sealing joints in building construction with adhesive elastomer waterstops

The renovation with (colored) waterstops is a possibility of elastic joint sealing, if sprayable sealants cannot be used for various reasons. Such as B .:

  • Joints that are too narrow
  • Joints too wide
  • Severe joint misalignment
  • Contaminated joint flanks

IVD leaflet 5 - Sealing with butyl tapes

Sealing tapes based on butyl rubber are a supplement or alternative to sealing techniques with sprayable sealants. They have been successfully introduced in various areas of sealing technology for around 30 years. During this time, they have proven their worth and have become indispensable in various systems.

The wide range of possible applications and the variety of problem solutions make it impossible to limit the scope of this leaflet to one or a few areas of application. Rather, the typical properties and areas of application should be explained. Butyl tapes are usually strongly adhesive, pre-profiled sealants based on butyl rubber (IIR = isobutylene isoprene rubber) and / or polyisobutylene (PIB) with plastic properties. For the formulation of different butyl tape qualities, additional raw materials such as B. Resins, adhesion promoters, fillers and pigments are used. Even if a wide range of distinguishing features can be highlighted through different recipes and packings, quality tapes are characterized by many common typical, albeit differently pronounced, properties.

IVD leaflet 6 - Sealing of joints in systems for handling substances hazardous to water

The sealing of joints in systems for handling water-polluting substances places very high demands on everyone involved and can therefore only be jointly responsible for.

The design, calculation and selection of the sealant to be used is a planning task. Above all, this includes the exact consideration of all technical and regulatory framework conditions. The sealant manufacturer is responsible for the quality and conformity of the properties and data of his products. The planner and the processor are responsible for the professional execution of the sealing work.

This leaflet is intended to point out the specific features when implementing the requirements of the Water Management Act. It is intended to provide building owners, planners and executing companies with the most important pointers for the professional execution of this joint sealing work.

IVD leaflet 7 - Elastic joint closure for facades made of mortared ceramic tiles

IVD leaflet 7 is being replaced by the more comprehensive IVD leaflet 27.

IVD leaflet 8 - Constructive execution and sealing of joints in wooden flooring

This leaflet describes the problems that can arise with joint sealing in wooden flooring and how they can be solved.

IVD leaflet 9 - Sprayable sealants in the connection joint for windows and external doors

The new Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV) has been in force since February 2002 (amendment April 2007), which in Section 5 prescribes the airtight sealing of the entire building envelope. This requirement applies to all joints, penetrations and structural connections such as B. between windows or external doors and the adjacent components.

With this objective from the EnEV, the primary aim is to further reduce heating energy consumption and to reduce structural damage. In terms of building physics, air leaks at joints are still a considerable weak point in buildings and cause unwanted and sometimes difficult to control heat losses and moisture damage.

The airtightness of the building envelope will therefore be an essential quality criterion for building acceptance in the future and can be checked using the BlowerDoor measurement method. An airtight sealing of the window connection joints on the room side, carried out in accordance with the recognized rules of technology, serves to largely prevent the penetration of moist room air into the connection joint and also makes a useful contribution to further saving heating energy.

The structural connection conditions between window and structure are very diverse in practice, so that there is no universal solution for sealing on the room side and the outside.

The aim of this leaflet is not only to provide planners but also to provide window manufacturers and processors of sprayable sealants with information and advice on how to properly seal window connection joints and what requirements must be met by the sealants to be used. The airtightness of the inner joints and the driving rain tightness of the outer joints can easily be achieved with sprayable sealants, provided that the basics of this data sheet are observed during processing.

IVD leaflet 10 - Glass sealing on wooden windows with sealants

An essential basis of this leaflet is the ift guideline "Guideline for the determination of the stress for the glazing of windows and balcony doors when using sealants". It defines the selection and principles for determining the appropriate glazing system and the sealants to be used. The leaflet allows the performance characteristics to be compared in a clear presentation of the two glazing systems, with or without protective tape. In technical regulations, such as B. in standards, only the basics of the seal between glass and frame can be clarified. The problems in practice lie in the detail, so that it is necessary to close the gap between regulations and practical knowledge. This is the task of IVD Leaflet No. 10. The aim of this leaflet is also to explain why not only the load on the seal from the outside but also the load from the room side must be taken into account for the glass seal. The group of participants in the guideline also ensures that both scientific knowledge and practical experience have been taken into account.

The leaflet is based on the basic requirement that the glazing must be tight and explains the technical possibilities and the necessary boundary conditions to meet these requirements. It describes glazing with protective tape in accordance with DIN 18545 and also glazing without protective tape as recognized rules of technology. Due to the growing demand on the market, self-cleaning glass has been added to this leaflet.

IVD-Merkblatt 11 - Explanations of technical terms from the "fire protection" from the point of view of the sealants and the joints sprayed with sealants

Experience with fire protection in existing buildings on the one hand and the complex architecture and building technology on the other make applicable standards and guidelines indispensable. For this reason, preventive fire protection is very important in building construction. This already starts in the planning and continues with the selection of the building materials or components to be used. Thus it concerns u. a. also the sealants and their use.

The most important points are laid down in standards, ordinances and laws so that the assessment of the necessary fire protection and the structural design are always based on the latest findings.

IVD leaflet 12 - The ability to paint over movement-compensating sealants in building construction

In daily practice it often occurs that coatings that are used for solid building materials, such as B. concrete, plaster, wood or metal were developed and exert their function there, are applied to the adjacent, sealed with sealant joints for various reasons.

IVD leaflet 13 - Glass sealing on wood-metal window constructions with sealants

The special design features of the sealing areas of these constructions between glass and frame are an essential reason for the creation of this leaflet. The sealing of these window constructions can be done with sprayable sealants as well as with sealing profiles (dry glazing). In order to ensure the permanent function of the sealing with sealants, the following points of the leaflet must be observed. The leaflet is based on the basic requirement that the glazing must be tight and explains the technical possibilities and the necessary boundary conditions to meet these requirements. It describes both glazing with protective tape in accordance with DIN 18545 and glazing without protective tape as a recognized rule of technology. The self-cleaning glass has been added.

IVD leaflet 14 - Sealants and mold infestation

Not only in connection with sealants, but also with many other things in everyday life can be observed that substances from microorganisms such. B. mold can be attacked. This is known from food such as bread and fruit, but also from walls, ceilings, wooden and plastic surfaces in apartments, where microorganisms settle undesirably.

IVD leaflet 15 - The maintenance of movement-compensating sealants and glued-on elastic joint tapes

Just as it is a matter of course and part of the purchase contract for technical devices and systems that regular maintenance must be carried out by the manufacturer, there are joint areas in which joint sealing materials have to perform outstanding tasks, in addition to protecting a building or part of a building to protect against moisture and heat loss, above all to protect the environment and water.

If the essential framework conditions for the respective area of ​​application for joint sealing systems such as:

  • Joint construction in accordance with applicable regulations and technical guidelines (see No. 11 regulations)
  • Compliance with the quality requirements on the part of the manufacturer
  • Professional processing in accordance with the manufacturer's technical guidelines and regulations

Maintenance and / or regular monitoring of a seal is generally not required. Maintenance or monitoring is necessary where, based on practical experience, certain joint areas cannot be assessed or can only be assessed insufficiently in terms of their load, e.g. B. by too hard cleaning brushes with too high pressure or wrong nozzles, overdosing of cleaning and decontamination agents, impermissible duration of media exposure and intermittent exposure.

IVD leaflet 16 - Connection joints in dry construction

In order to be able to assess and process the connections between the plasterboard surfaces and other components, knowledge of the construction and the expected changes in shape is an absolute prerequisite. Movements in the order of magnitude of fractions of a millimeter, but also of a few millimeters, can occur in the connection joints. In the last-mentioned cases, a functional seal with sprayable sealants - as described in this leaflet - is not possible.

According to DIN 52452-4, movement-compensating sealants must not be painted over the entire surface. According to the quality requirements, this applies to the sealants to be used in accordance with this data sheet.

IVD leaflet 17 - Connection joints in swimming pool construction

Joints in swimming pool construction are connection, expansion and visible joints in the construction to adjacent components or penetrating structural elements. On the one hand, a large variety of building materials and components with very different physical properties are used and, on the other hand, the overall construction is subject to very intensive loads.

IVD leaflet 19-1 - Sealing of joints and connections in the roof area (outside area)

Roofing or waterproofing is the upper end of buildings on flat or differently inclined roof structures.

The connections of the roof covering or sealing to adjacent or penetrating components or construction elements are also made with the aid of sprayable sealants, assembly adhesives and butyl sealing tapes and profiles in order to achieve the necessary tightness.

IVD leaflet 19-2 - Sealing joints and connections in the roof area (airtight layer)

The separation of leaflet no. 19 into two parts is used to provide a clearer representation for the planner and processor.

Leaflet No. 19-2 is a supplement to Leaflet No. 19-1 in several points: For the connection seals in the airtight layer, different quality requirements are placed on the sealing materials. The main uses of the product groups compared to the outside area also differ considerably.

The product groups described in this part of the data sheet are able to ensure the connection seals in the airtight layer in accordance with DIN 4108-7 if the processing instructions are observed.

IVD leaflet 20 - Joint sealing on wooden components and wooden materials

For this leaflet, not only the basic rule of construction technology applies - different components expand differently - but also the property of dimensional accuracy for wood as a material, which is classified as follows according to BFS leaflet No. 18 - coatings on wood and wood-based materials in outdoor areas :

  • true to size
  • limited true to size
  • not true to size

IVD leaflet 21 - Elastic joint seals in the food sector

The sealing of joints in areas with food contact places high demands on everyone involved and can therefore only be jointly responsible for.

The design, calculation and selection of the sealant to be used is a planning task. Above all, this includes the exact consideration of the minimum joint width, compatibility, surface properties of the materials, stress and suitability of the sealants.

The sealing of joints also places special demands on the company carrying out the work with regard to the necessary preparatory work. Therefore, only qualified specialist companies should be commissioned with the work.

Incorrect grouting and / or the use of unsuitable sealants not only ruin the work done, but also result in incalculable follow-up costs that can result from time-consuming rework. In addition to legal disputes, considerable damage to the company's image and the loss of possible follow-up orders must be expected.

This leaflet uses application examples to show where the sealants should be used correctly and sensibly, defines the quality requirements and thus enables the determination of which sealant is suitable for the respective area of ​​application. This leaflet describes the qualitative requirements for a sealant and its processing for joints in the food industry.

IVD leaflet 22 - Connection joints in steel and aluminum facade construction as well as structural glass construction - Possible uses of sprayable sealants

Connection joints in steel and aluminum facade construction as well as in structural glass construction are the sealing areas in the construction to adjacent building parts or penetrating structural elements.

On the one hand, a large variety of building materials and components with very different physical properties are used and, on the other hand, very intensive loads act on the overall construction as a whole, such as B .:

  • Moisture (rain, ice, condensation)
  • ozone
  • UV radiation
  • Chemical effects (cleaning agents)
  • Biological effects (algae, mold, plant spores)
  • Mechanical influences (accessibility, wind pressure / wind suction, cleaning)
  • Thermal effects (temperature change)
  • For a permanent seal, the construction must therefore be carefully planned in advance

to be written out

IVD leaflet 23 - Sealing joints and connections on natural stone

Natural stones took millions of years to create. Improper grouting / post-treatment can affect this work of nature in a very short time or damage it irreparably. The grouting of natural stone must be carefully planned, tendered and carried out in advance, as a large variety of natural stone types with very different physical properties (e.g. absorbency) are used.

Incorrect grouting and / or the use of unsuitable sealants not only ruin the work done, but also result in incalculable follow-up costs that can result from time-consuming rework. In addition to legal disputes, you have to reckon with considerable damage to your image and the loss of possible follow-up orders.

IVD-Merkblatt 24 - Joint sealing with sprayable sealants and pre-compressed sealing tapes as well as assembly adhesives in conservatory construction

The air and water tightness in the winter garden is essentially determined by the construction joints (construction joints) and the sash joints of the opening elements (functional joints). The construction elements supporting structure, frame and glass, i.e. more than 90% of the outer surfaces, are tight due to the material used. In this way, the professional formation of the construction joints, in addition to the functional joints, determines the quality of the tightness of the winter garden. Defects can lead to sensitive damage (moisture, mold formation, structural damage, functional impairment of the thermal and sound insulation of the structural connections and element couplings).

The use of sprayable sealants on stressed building joints must be limited to the unavoidable minimum in conservatory construction. Every joint, especially on joints subject to mechanical stress, has a limited service life, even with professional processing and high-quality sealant. In the winter garden, these joint seals must therefore be regularly inspected and, if necessary, maintained by agreement in order to maintain their functionality during the overall long service life of a winter garden. Joints should therefore be protected with overlapping profiles, strips or other alternatives where technically possible.

The execution of the construction joints must be carefully planned in advance as part of the overall planning (sealant used, backfill material, dimensioning), as a variety of building materials and components with different mechanical, physical and chemical properties are used and the overall construction continues to be subjected to intensive loads of act outside but also from inside. For this s. a. Leaflet 02 of the Bundesverband Wintergarten eV "Heating and humidity planning and execution of the building connections of residential winter gardens". Tendering aids are not used here. Tenders are not typical for winter gardens, as these are almost exclusively built in the private sector. For the exceptional cases, information can be found in IVD leaflet 9, section 17.

The aim of this leaflet is to provide planners and fabricators with information and advice on how to correctly seal conservatory construction and which requirements must be met by the sealing materials to be used. This leaflet is closely related to leaflet 02 "Building connections" of the Federal Association of Conservatories and leaflets No. 4, 5, 7, 9 and 13 of the IVD.

IVD leaflet 25 - Sealing joints and connections in plumbing technology

The sealing and assembly work in the plumbing trade mainly concerns metal profiles and sheet metal. This leaflet provides relevant information for both the planner and the specialist company carrying out the work.

IVD leaflet 26 - Sealing of window and facade joints with pre-compressed and impregnated joint sealing tapes (compression tapes)

A number of different systems are now available for the professional sealing of connection and movement joints (expansion joints).

When sealing window connection joints, 3 sealing levels are defined.

  • The outer joint seal, which must be tight against driving rain, open to diffusion, weatherproof and windproof
  • The middle sealing level (also called the functional level), which must be heat and sound insulating
  • The inner sealing level, which must be airtight and more diffusion-proof than the outer sealing

Due to the different requirements, seals must be clearly separated from joints. These are

  • Window connection joints, which must be able to take on the corresponding tasks to separate the indoor and outdoor climate, and the rest
  • Facade joints, which only have to ensure an external joint seal.

IVD leaflet 27 - Sealing connection and movement joints on the facade with sprayable sealants

On the one hand, a large variety of building materials and components with very different physical properties are used in connection and movement joints on the facade; on the other hand, intensive loads act on the overall construction.

This leaflet provides relevant information for both the planner and the specialist company carrying out the work.

IVD leaflet 28 - renovation of defective joint seals on the facade

In order to provide the processor with assistance for the various joint areas, the necessary work steps at the beginning of a renovation are listed in this leaflet, as well as proposed solutions for the use of the sealing system to be used correctly depending on the problem at hand.

IVD leaflet 29 - Joint work in the painting and varnishing trade

On the one hand, a large variety of building materials and components with very different physical properties are used in connection and movement joints on and in structures; on the other hand, intensive loads can act on the overall construction, such as B .:

  • Moisture (rain, ice, condensation)
  • ozone
  • UV radiation
  • Chemical effects (cleaning agents)
  • Biological effects (algae, mold, plant spores)
  • Mechanical effects (load from working platforms, wind pressure / wind suction, cleaning)
  • Thermal effects (temperature change)

For a permanent seal, the construction must therefore be carefully planned, tendered and carried out in advance.

This leaflet provides the company carrying out the work and the planner with important information as to which standard or which other technical set of rules the essential requirements for the respective area of ​​application are to be taken from.

IVD-Merkblatt 30 - Assembly adhesives for bonding and sealing

Assembly adhesives are marketed under very different terms:

  • Assembly adhesive
  • Installation glue
  • Assembly material
  • Adhesive and sealant
  • Adhesive / sealant
  • Sealant / adhesive
  • Adhesive
  • Mirror adhesive (special case)

In addition to the term gluing, these terms often also include the term sealing and mean that, under certain conditions, this product group can also be used to seal materials in addition to the actual gluing of materials. On the one hand, assembly adhesives are in many cases produced and sold by IVD member companies and, on the other hand, they are used by almost all craft groups that also use sprayable sealants for a wide variety of applications.

Assembly adhesives are generally understood to be pasty adhesives, which are mainly used for gluing and joint-filling sealing during the assembly of components and building materials and which have a wide range of uses. Assembly adhesives can be physically drying or chemically cross-linking and can be classified according to different raw material groups. When cured, they can be elastic (tension-equalizing) or non-positive (rigid).

The Industrieverband Dichtstoffe eV has created a leaflet for this purpose, in which some areas of application are illustrated using examples and a number of basic criteria for product selection and elementary processing instructions are explained to the user. This leaflet shows examples for both areas of application and describes the quality features, properties and processing instructions.

IVD leaflet 31 - renovation of joint seals in building construction

This IVD leaflet describes the procedure for renovating a joint seal, regardless of whether there is a complaint or notification of defects or an order for the renewal, renovation or renovation of the property.

Additional information: Basic statements on standardization and quality as well as on the classification and quality requirements of the sealants according to DIN EN 15651-1 can be found in IVD leaflet 28 - Renovation of defective joint seals on the facade.

IVD-Merkblatt 32 - Reinforced wall panels made of aerated concrete - Dimensioning and sealing with sprayable sealants

1.1 Aerated concrete With its report 6 - together with this IVD leaflet - the Federal Association of Aerated Concrete provides information on the professional and material-appropriate processing of reinforced aerated concrete components.

This report 6 applies to the joint formation of reinforced aerated concrete wall panels according to DIN 4223 and DIN EN 12602.

The generally common types of joints, joint dimensions, structural designs of the joint seals and sprayable joint sealants are recorded. In special cases, however, there may be deviations in the stress on the joints, so that the allocation of the joint sealants to the joint types changes. In such special cases, the aerated concrete manufacturer should be consulted.

The specific deformation behavior of aerated concrete when exposed to temperature, resulting from the high level of thermal insulation of the components, results in a small linear change in length in practice. The required vertical joint width between horizontally arranged, reinforced aerated concrete wall panels depends on the linear thermal change in length, the curvature of the wall panels, the moisture expansion of the aerated concrete and the type of joint sealant (permissible total deformation).

The prerequisite for the following recommendations is indoor use of the building under normal conditions. Special measures are required for:

  • higher humidity values ​​(e.g. slaughterhouse)
  • aggressive indoor climate (see DIN 4030)
  • Extreme temperature changes inside and outside (note the therapeutic reference value of the coating for outside exposure)
  • Tremors

1.2 Sealants This report deals with the use of sprayable sealants in joints on reinforced components made of aerated concrete and their connections to other buildings and components.

The quality requirements for sprayable sealants for wall panels are set out in DIN EN 15651-1: Sealants for facade elements (F)

DIN EN 15 651 only sets minimum requirements for the sealants in order to guarantee a certain security of the seal.

The many years of German experience in practice with regard to the existing building tolerances, joint constructions, loads on the joint and its sealing as well as the multitude of sealant qualities show, however, that higher quality requirements for individual properties and in individual areas of application are justified. These are reflected in the leaflets of the Industrieverband Dichtstoffe e. V. (IVD). A complete comparison of the quality requirements of the IVD to the relevant parts according to DIN EN 15651 is listed in the relevant IVD leaflets under the item "Classification and quality requirements of sealants according to DIN EN 15651 and IVD". At this point, reference is made in particular to IVD leaflet no. 32.

The use of compressed foam plastic sealing tapes is described in Section 5.2. Further details on these materials are given in IVD leaflet No. 26 - Sealing window and facade joints with pre-compressed and impregnated joint sealing tapes (compression tapes).

IVD Leaflet 35 - Bonding and Sealing in Buildings - Systems Classification Applications

  • Elastic and plastic sealing
  • Non-positive and tension-equalizing bonding

A large number of systems in different packaging shapes and sizes are available on the market for both gluing and sealing building materials and components.

This leaflet is intended to give users and planners a general overview of the individual systems and their classification.

In individual tables and versions it is shown which possible applications are given due to the main product properties.

A detailed description of the quality features and possible uses of the essential systems can also be found in the various IVD information sheets.

Web links