Man stopping effect

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Under stopping power refers colloquially the ability of a weapon to make a wounded quickly fixed (incapacitated). This can be caused by physical injuries or death of the person or, especially in the case of non-lethal weapons, by pain effects, glare or narcotization. The term has no fixed definition and is understood differently depending on the weapon used.

Man stopping effect by type of weapon

Firearms

Decisive factors about the effect of a hit in the target medium are the point of impact, type, weight, speed and caliber , i.e. the diameter of the bullet. Man-stopping effect also means that the projectile through its force, deformation and energy released in the target ensures that the person hit is incapable of acting.

The effects of projectiles in the body of the person hit or other objects are dealt with in the specialist field of target ballistics and forensics .

In the military technical sense this means the ability of a bullet meant for use of firearms, as much kinetic energy to give to the wounded. This effect is usually achieved through a special floor construction. An important index for this is the A-Square Shock Power Index .

The highest degree of effectiveness, i.e. immediate inability to move, only occurs when the brain stem is hit , as occurs with a “ final rescue shot ”. Hits in the rest of the brain or in the spine have a very short delay (i.e. well below a second). However, in these cases reflex movements can still occur and thus have a devastating effect on hostages. Hits to the heart allow the victim up to ten seconds to take controlled actions before the victim collapses due to lack of oxygen due to the lack of blood supply to the brain. In the case of hits in other parts of the body, this period can be considerably longer. The shooting training with the police is u. a. designed to use the firearm until an effective hit ends the attack or the emergency situation.

Distance electro pulse devices

A man-stopping effect can also be achieved by needle-shaped projectiles from stun guns fired in distance mode . Here, however, it is not the projectile energy of the projectile, but the electrical energy that is transmitted into the upper body that is hit and thus prevents the voluntary control of the skeletal muscles , the cause of a far-reaching to completely existing inability to trade, which lasts until the current flow ends again.

Other weapons and repellants

Well-known chemical weapons include pepper spray and other irritants . The respective man-stopping effect is very much dependent on the type, concentration and amount of the substances used. Just like a stun gun, they are designed to inflict pain on the opponent and thereby stop him and make him give up. However, since every attacker (especially when consuming psychoactive substances or painkillers) reacts differently to pain, an inability to act is not automatically given; the person affected may react (even) more aggressively.

From the field of martial arts numerous, partly historical, partly newer weapons are known that can stop attackers. There are also numerous other weapons, some of them historical, from the following areas: striking weapon , cutting weapon , stabbing weapon , thrust weapon . Their man-stopping effect can be very different and with many weapons there is a risk of fatal injuries to attackers. Energy weapons can work with sound pressure or radiation. For example, the Long Range Acoustic Device or the group of blinding weapons are known .

Weapons with potentially lethal effects ( less-lethal weapons )

Any use of firearms against people carries the risk of serious injuries and even death of the person struck. Therefore, non-lethal - non-lethal - weapons have been and are being developed internationally . These should offer an alternative to the use of firearms with the lowest possible risk for the delinquent . The previously used term NLW ( non-lethal weapons ) has now been replaced by LLW ( less-lethal weapons , weapons with a potentially lethal effect), as these weapon systems also resulted in deaths.

These include a. Electric shock weapons , rubber bullets, " bean bags ", the active denial system that works with microwaves , but also compressed air weapons for pepper ball balls, as they are known from paintball.

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Wolfgang Peter-Michel: Ballistic Knives: Weapons for Secret Services and Special Forces , pages 45, 87, 93, 94
  2. ↑ Anthony Carli: TASER Safety vs. Other tools. Retrieved April 6, 2019 (American English).
  3. ↑ Thomas Jüngling: Assaults in Cologne: Pepper spray - that works, that doesn't . January 8, 2016 ( welt.de [accessed April 6, 2019]).