Mokoshi
Mokoshi ( Japanese 裳 階, 裳 層 , also read shōkai ), roughly equivalent to "hem roof ", is the name given in Japanese architectural history to additional canopy structures attached to temples and pagodas, which surround the building and thus visually increase the number of floors give the architecture a lighter, lively character.
This structure already appears in early buildings. The oldest surviving example provides the "Golden Hall" ( Kondō ) from the Asuka period and the pagoda of the Hōyrū temple ( Hōryū-ji ) in Ikaruga (Nara) . With the introduction of Zen Buddhism in the 12th century, it became more widespread. Many of the main halls in Zen temples, known as butsuden ("Buddha Hall"), have hemmed roofs.
Since these protect the walls from rain and snow, they have been called "rain or snow deflectors" ( 雨打 / 雪 打 , yuta ) or the architectural style yuta-zukuri ( 雨 打造 ) since the Middle Ages (13th century) ).
literature
- Nakamura, Hajime: Iwanami Bukkyō-jiten . Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, 2002 ( 中 村 元: 岩 波 仏 教 辞典. 岩 波 書店 )
- Parent, Mary Neighbor: The roof in Japanese Buddhist architecture . New York / Tokyo: Weatherhill / Kajima, 1983, ISBN 978-0-8348-0186-8 .
- Suzuki, Kakichi: Early Buddhist Architecture in Japan . translated and adapted by Mary Neighbor Parent and Nancy Shatzman Steinhardt. Kodansha America, 1980
Gallery of structures with hem roof ( mokoshi )
Golden Hall of the Hōryū Temple ( Hōryū-ji ) in Ikaruga (Nara)
Main hall of the Tōdai Temple ( Tōdai-ji ) in Nara
Main hall ( butsuden ) of the Myōshin Temple ( Myōshin-ji ) in Kyōto
Hem roof at the temple Yōng hé gōng ( 雍和宮 ) in Beijing
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ The name combines the characters for mo , the name of the woman's skirt tied around the waist, with the characters kai (level) or sō (layer)