Munda languages

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Distribution area of ​​the most important Munda languages

The Munda languages are a branch of the Austro-Asian language family widespread in South Asia . In addition to the Southeast Asian Mon-Khmer languages , they form the second main branch of the Austro-Asian languages.

The 19 Munda languages ​​are spoken by a total of around 10 million people, mainly in India and also in Bangladesh . The most widely spoken Munda language is Santali with around 6 million speakers. It is also the only Munda language recognized as one of India's 22 national languages . The speakers of the Munda languages ​​belong to the illiterate Adivasi tribal population, so the languages ​​are largely writtenless and have no literary tradition. The Munda people gave their name to this language family .

classification

NORTH MUNDA

  • Korku
    • Korku (500,000 speakers)
  • Kherwari
    • Santali
    • Mundari
      • Mundari (two million speakers)
      • Ho (one million speakers)
      • Korwa (70,000 speakers)
      • Asuri (6,000 speakers)
      • Birhor (10,000 speakers)
      • Agariya (55,000 speakers)
      • Bijori (2,000 speakers)
      • Koraku

SOUTH MUNDA

  • Kharia-Juang
    • Kharia (280,000 speakers)
    • Juang (Patua) (40,000 speakers)
  • Koraput
    • Sora
      • Sora (Savara) (300,000 speakers)
      • Lodhi (75,000 speakers)
      • Parenga (Gorum) (5,000 speakers)
      • Juray
    • Gata
      • Gata '(Geta') (3,000 speakers)
    • Goodob
      • Gadaba (Gutob) (30,000 speakers)
      • Bondo (Remo) (8,000 speakers)

literature

  • Gregory DS Anderson (Ed.): The Munda Languages. London and New York: Routledge, 2008.
  • Gregory DS Anderson: The Munda Verb: Typological Perspectives . Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2007.
  • Georgij A. Zograph: The languages ​​of South Asia. (Translated from Erika Klemm). Leipzig: VEB Verlag Enzyklopädie, 1982. pp. 120-125.

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