Hypotonia
Classification according to ICD-10 | |
---|---|
P94.2 | Congenital hypotonia |
R29.8 | Other and unspecified symptoms affecting the nervous and musculoskeletal systems |
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) |
The term muscle hypotonia (from ancient Greek υπό hypó , German 'under' and τόνος tónos 'tension') is understood in medicine to mean a lack of muscle strength and muscle tension (low / weak muscle tone or atony ) in the striated muscles . The opposite of muscle hypotonia is muscle hypertension , i.e. unusually high muscle tension ( spasm ).
Muscle hypotonia is noticeable in childhood, for example, when a child has to work very hard when breastfeeding , they move unusually little and cannot lift or hold their head according to their age.
Muscle hypotonia in infants is usually part of the so-called floppy infant syndrome ( English floppy infant , "flabby child"). This refers to the occurrence of the triad of symptoms of unusual posture, reduced movements against resistance and abnormal joint mobility.
causes
There are numerous possible causes for hypotonia:
- Central causes:
- Premature birth
- Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
- Hypoglycemia
- sepsis
- Electrolyte shifts
- Drug Induced
- Congenital metabolic disorders
- Hypothyroidism
- Genetic disorders, e.g. B. Down syndrome , Ehlers-Danlos syndrome , Prader-Willi syndrome and Zellweger syndrome
- Malformations of the central nervous system
- Benign congenital hypotension
- Peripheral causes and
therapy
Muscle hypotension can be treated with physiotherapy , among other things .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Robert C. Tasker, Rob McClure, Carlo L. Acerini: Oxford Handbook of Paediatrics. Oxford University Press, USA 2008, ISBN 978-0-19-856573-4 , p. 143.
- ↑ Robert Ploier: Differential Diagnoses in Child and Adolescent Medicine. Thieme, Stuttgart / New York, ISBN 978-3-13-171161-8 , p. 290. [1]
- ↑ Ertan Mayatepek: Pediatrics. Elsevier, Urban & Fischer Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3-437-43560-7 , p. 233.