PIF antenna

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Close-up of a PIF antenna for 1.9 GHz from a DECT mobile radio station
Schematic representation of a PIFA. The antenna is located above a ground plane , the height is the thickness of the circuit board.

A PIF antenna ( PIFA ), which stands for English Planar Inverted F-Antenna Shaped , is a compact antenna , which among other things, in mobile phones is used.

It was developed by Ronold WP King for rocket telemetry.

The structure of the PIF antenna is an open stripline antenna (patch antenna), which is integrated as a special feature directly on the circuit boards of the electronic device. It has a particularly flat design and can be manufactured very inexpensively. The high-frequency properties are primarily determined by the geometry and arrangement of the electrical conductors and their spacing on the circuit board.

PIFA designs can be designed in their resonance point in the simplest design for only one frequency band. With more complex designs, the antenna can also be used for several frequency bands. The typical resonance frequencies are in the frequency bands used by mobile radio standards such as the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz and WLAN in the range of 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz.

The antennas have a geometrically regularly arranged, F-shaped basic pattern , as shown in the adjacent sketch for an element. The actual dimensions depend on the resonance frequency and usually several of these antennas are spatially combined. The eponymous F-shape can be seen in the side view and is formed as a lying F from the feed line, the lateral short-circuit connection to the ground plane and the upper antenna surface.

Additional resonance frequencies can be achieved by adding L- or U-shaped slots in the top antenna surface. The shapes formed from these basic elements have two or more feed points and a common shield at ground potential . By adding further short-circuit connections or ground points in the area of ​​the antenna, the resonance frequencies can also be adjusted by changing the electrical capacitances .

literature

  • Klaus Kark: Antennas and radiation fields . 2nd Edition. Vieweg, 2006, ISBN 3-8348-0216-6 .
  • Rodney Vaughan, Jorgen Bach Andersen: Channels, Propagation and Antennas For Mobile Communications . 1st edition. The Institution of Electrical Engineers, 2003, ISBN 0-85296-084-0 , pp. 520-538 .