Pecos Pueblo
Pecos is the name of a historic pueblo in New Mexico , three kilometers south of the modern town and 28 kilometers east-southeast of Santa Fe . The site within the Pecos State Monument consists of two parts, the pueblo located on a low hill and the colonial-era Pecos with the mission church located a few hundred meters south in the flat. Since October 1960, Pecos Pueblo has the status of a National Historic Landmark .
Pueblo
The pueblo on a low elevation probably had around 2000 residents. It was divided into a northern part around a rectangular plaza and a southern part, both characterized by multi-storey buildings. Together they were surrounded by a low wall, which indicates the exposed location. The pueblo was subject to raids by groups from the plains, especially the Comanches . At the same time, Pecos was an important trading post between the pueblos further to the west and the tribes in the plains.
Mission churches
A first mission church was built 340 meters northeast of the Plaza des Pueblo (coordinates 35 ° 33 '19.6 "N, 105 ° 41' 18.6W, not freely accessible). The later single-nave mission church Nuestra Señora de los Ángeles de Porciúncula de los Pecos with a small monastery building forms the core of the settlement of the Pueblo IV phase and was built by Franciscans to the south just outside the boundary wall of the pueblo around 1619. It was destroyed in the Pueblo uprising of 1680. After the reconquest in 1693, the ruins of the apse were built in 1717 and the front part of this church a new, considerably smaller one was built (coordinates 35 ° 31 '49.2 "N, 105 ° 41' 21.1" W). Today the visitor center is located nearby.
Research history
The first excavations took place from 1915 to 1929 and formed an early model example of modern archaeological work. The first of the archaeological Pecos Conferences held annually since then took place in the excavation camp in 1927 at the invitation of Alfred Kidder , who was in charge of the excavations in Pecos, and other scientists from the Carnegie Institution of Washington . The participants agreed on the Pecos classification of the archeology of the area in Basketmaker I - III and Pueblo I - IV, which is still used today.
literature
Richard B. Woodbury: Sixty years of Southwestern archeology. A history of the Pecos Conference . University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, 1993. ISBN 0-8263-1411-2 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: New Mexico. National Park Service , accessed August 17, 2019.
Coordinates: 35 ° 33 ′ 8 ″ N , 105 ° 41 ′ 24 ″ W.