Personism
Personism is a way of thinking in personality psychology that traces stable behavior patterns back to characteristics of the acting person (so-called internal attribution ).
While lay psychology knows numerous personal characteristics - it is said, for example, that someone is friendly / unfriendly, smart / stupid, leader / follower, orderly / chaotic, musical / unmusical, etc. - the empirical evidence is ambiguous. The scientific proof of such properties is extremely difficult. Conley (1984) repeatedly submitted various personality tests to a group of test persons over a period of 40 years and found a high level of constancy of intelligence , a medium stability of extraversion and neuroticism , while attitudes such as self-esteem and life satisfaction fluctuated greatly.
An absolute Personismus would assume the complete independence of the behavior of its situational context, therefore, takes into account relative Personismus influences of the environment. This is the classic model of personality psychology.
Other models trace back “consistent” behavior across different situations to the characteristics of the situation (“ situationism ”, so radical behaviorism ), or to the interaction of person and situation characteristics (so-called “ interactionism ”).
literature
- Amelang, M. et al .: Differential Psychology and Personality Research. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3170166417
Individual evidence
- ^ JJ Conley (1984). The hierarchy of consistency: A review and model of longitudinal findings on adult individual differences in intelligence, personality and self-opinion . Personality and Individual Differences, 5, pp. 11-25