Pobeda (watch brand)
| Pobeda
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|---|---|
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| legal form | |
| founding | 1945 |
| Seat | Peterhof , Russia |
| Branch | Watch industry |
| Website | www.pobeda1945.com |
Pobeda watches ( Russian Победа , in German "victory") are the most famous watches in the Soviet Union and the most popular wristwatches in the world until the mid-60s.
The origin of the movement goes back to the acquisition of the technical documentation and production facilities for the LIP K-26 movement of the largest French watch manufacturer LIP (which at that time also served as the standard watch for the French armed forces) from Frédéric Lipmann in 1937. It was a movement 26 mm in diameter, with manual winding, decentralized seconds at 6, with 15 jewels and a monometallic screw balance (with pins for fine adjustment) with Breguet hairspring and 34 hours power reserve.
Production of the watch in the First Moscow Watch Factory only started in 1946. Over time, this movement was further developed and installed in 6 factories in 30 technical variants in around 100 watch models with various names, in editions of several million pieces annually. The clock is still being built today (2004). In the years 1946 and 1947, two tool sets for the Glashütte caliber 25 were delivered as reparations from Germany, which were then used to manufacture the somewhat modified Šturmanskie model. In detail, the following brands were equipped with the K-26 plant:
- Pobeda with 15 jewels and a decentralized second, from 1950 with a central second
- Šturmanskie (1949) with sweep second . Standard clock of the Eastern Bloc armies.
- Mayak (lighthouse) (1955) with 16 stones and a decentralized second
- Moskwa (1955) with 16 jewels and sweep second
- Sportivnye (1955) with 17 jewels and a stop second. The plant was also built into the Šturmanskie. Gagarin had such a watch in orbit in 1961, and in honor of this event, the brand name was changed to Poljot (flight).
- Antarctica (1956) with 24-hour display (Sportivnye with a different translation for the hour axis)
- and others: Slava (fame), 15 stones; Start , 17 jewels (from the Second Moscow Watch Factory); further Kirow , Sputnik , Raketa u. A., depending on the manufacturing plant.
The designs differed in technical details, such as shock protection, lockable unrest, stone arrangement, etc. and were sometimes also combined with one another. There were also waterproof, anti-magnetic, and gold cases. All types were characterized by good mechanical quality, reliability and durability.