Privacy paradox

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

As Privacy Paradox (English for "Privatsphäre- paradox ") monitoring is meant that people share personal information, although at the same time very worried about their privacy make. In most cases, this involves sharing information on the Internet, for example on social network sites , when shopping online , when using smartphones or devices from the Internet of Things . In summary, although many surveys indicate that they are concerned about their privacy, these services are still widely used and a lot of personal information is revealed in the process.

history

Susan Barnes made the phrase "Privacy Paradox" known in 2006. In her article, the US researcher criticizes, for example, that the users of social network sites do not recognize that these are public spaces. This would be recognizable by the fact that they share an inappropriately large amount of personal information, do not understand the underlying revenue models, and actively use the services even if they have already recognized that this is in reality public spaces.

Research into this subject matter was already carried out before Barnes, but without using the phrase “privacy paradox”.

criticism

The privacy paradox is criticized from several perspectives. On the one hand, various empirical studies show that people who are more concerned about their privacy share less information, at least in relative terms. In a meta-analysis of 34 individual studies on the topic, a negative, statistically significant association was reported ( r = -.13). The privacy concerns do not seem to be irrelevant, but are rather related to one's own communication behavior.

On the other hand, based on the theory of the rational decision, it is criticized that the behavior shown is not paradoxical, but makes sense psychologically. Studies on the so-called privacy calculus approach - which is fundamentally in opposition to the privacy paradox - show, for example, that in addition to privacy concerns, the benefits to be expected are closely related to one's own communication behavior. The more advantages users see in sharing information, the more likely they are to implement it.

See also

literature

  • Dienlin, T. (2019). The privacy paradox from a psychological perspective. In L. Specht, S. Werry, & N. Werry (Eds.), Handbuch Datenrecht und Digitisierung (pp. 305–323). Erich Schmidt Publishing House.
  • Gerber, N., Gerber, P., & Volkamer, M. (2018). Explaining the privacy paradox: A systematic review of literature investigating privacy attitude and behavior. Computers & Security, 77, 226-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2018.04.002
  • Trepte, S., & Teutsch, D. (2016). Privacy paradox. In NC Krämer, S. Schwan, D. Unz, & M. Suckfüll (Eds.), Media Psychology: Key Terms and Concepts (2nd ed., Pp. 372–377). Kohlhammer.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Susan B. Barnes: A privacy paradox: Social networking in the United States . In: First Monday . September 4, 2006, ISSN  1396-0466 , doi : 10.5210 / fm.v11i9.1394 ( uic.edu [accessed March 9, 2020]).
  2. ↑ Publications Office of the European Union: Data protection: report. November 5, 2015, accessed March 9, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Sabine Trepte, Tobias Dienlin, Leonard Reinecke: Privacy, self-disclosure, social support, and social network site use: research report of a three-year panel study . November 12, 2013 ( uni-hohenheim.de [accessed March 9, 2020]).
  4. ↑ Sarah Spiekermann, Jens Grossklags, Bettina Berendt: E-privacy in 2nd generation E-commerce: privacy preferences versus actual behavior . In: Proceedings of the 3rd ACM conference on Electronic Commerce - EC '01 . ACM Press, Tampa, Florida, USA 2001, ISBN 978-1-58113-387-5 , pp. 38-47 , doi : 10.1145 / 501158.501163 ( acm.org [accessed March 9, 2020]).
  5. ↑ A. Acquisti, J. Grossklags: Privacy and rationality in individual decision making . In: IEEE Security and Privacy Magazine . tape 3 , no. 1 , January 2005, ISSN  1540-7993 , p. 26–33 , doi : 10.1109 / MSP.2005.22 ( ieee.org [accessed March 9, 2020]).
  6. ↑ Information revelation and privacy in online social networks | Proceedings of the 2005 ACM workshop on Privacy in the electronic society. Retrieved March 9, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Tobias Dienlin, Sabine Trepte: Is the privacy paradox a relic of the past? An in-depth analysis of privacy attitudes and privacy behaviors: The relation between privacy attitudes and privacy behaviors . In: European Journal of Social Psychology . tape 45 , no. 3 , April 2015, p. 285-297 , doi : 10.1002 / ejsp.2049 ( wiley.com [accessed March 9, 2020]).
  8. ^ Sabine Trepte, Michael Scharkow, Tobias Dienlin: The privacy calculus contextualized: The influence of affordances . In: Computers in Human Behavior . tape 104 , March 2020, p. 106115 , doi : 10.1016 / j.chb.2019.08.022 ( elsevier.com [accessed March 9, 2020]).
  9. ↑ Lemi Baruh, Ekin Secinti, Zeynep Cemalcilar: Online Privacy Concerns and Privacy Management: A Meta-Analytical Review: Privacy Concerns Meta-Analysis . In: Journal of Communication . tape 67 , no. 1 , February 2017, p. 26–53 , doi : 10.1111 / jcom.12276 ( oup.com [accessed March 9, 2020]).
  10. ↑ Jinyoung Min, Byoungsoo Kim: How are people enticed to disclose personal information despite privacy concerns in social network sites? The calculus between benefit and cost: How Are People Enticed to Disclose Personal Information Despite the Privacy Concerns in Social Network Sites? The Calculus Between Benefit and Cost . In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology . tape 66 , no. 4 , April 2015, p. 839-857 , doi : 10.1002 / asi.23206 ( wiley.com [accessed March 9, 2020]).
  11. ↑ Tobias Dienlin, Miriam J. Metzger: An Extended Privacy Calculus Model for SNSs: Analyzing Self-Disclosure and Self-Withdrawal in a Representative US Sample: THE EXTENDED PRIVACY CALCULUS MODEL FOR SNSs . In: Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication . tape 21 , no. 5 , September 2016, p. 368–383 , doi : 10.1111 / jcc4.12163 ( oup.com [accessed March 9, 2020]).
  12. ↑ Nadine Bol, Tobias Dienlin, Sanne Kruikemeier, Marijn Sax, Sophie C Boerman: Understanding the Effects of Personalization as a Privacy Calculus: Analyzing Self-Disclosure Across Health, News, and Commerce Contexts † . In: Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication . tape 23 , no. 6 , November 1, 2018, ISSN  1083-6101 , p. 370–388 , doi : 10.1093 / jcmc / zmy020 ( oup.com [accessed March 9, 2020]).