Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory

The Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST ) by Jeffrey Alan Gray is a modification of the temperament model by Hans Jürgen Eysenck . The theory divides three systems of behavior in terms of sensitivity to reward, punishment and motivation.

The RST comprises three dimensions:

BAS (Behavioral Activation System): Conditioned signals for reward and non-punishment
BIS ( Behavioral Inhibition System ): Conditioned signals for punishment and non-reward
FFS (Fight / Flight System): Unconditioned signals for punishment and non-reward

In comparison to Eysenck's theory of personality, the dimensions BAS (behavioral activation) and BIS (behavioral inhibition) can also be viewed as a 30 ° rotation of the axes of extraversion and neuroticism. The FFS is also known as the threat system. Extraversion would therefore be seen as a balance between the reward and punishment system and neuroticism for the respective strength. Activation of the reward system would then increase extraversion and activation of the punishment system would reduce extraversion.

The SPSRQ personality test (Sensitivity to Punishment and Reward Questionnaire) is used to determine the characteristics of the BIS and BAS dimensions and contains 48 items, 24 each for reward sensitivity and 24 for punishment sensitivity.

revision

The theory was later revised and a distinction was made between fear and fear. The FFS system was expanded to become the FFFS system (Fight-Flight-Freeze-System). The distinction is no longer made with regard to the opposites conditioned and unconditioned. Fear would therefore be the function of turning away from the danger stimulus and fear the function of turning towards danger. In contrast to fear, fear could be influenced by medication.

literature

Amelang, M. & Bartussek, D. (2001). Differential Psychology and Personality Research. Kohlhammer.
Gray, JA (1990). Brain systems that mediate both emotion and cognition. Cognition & Emotion, 4 (3), 269–288.