Sandwich technique (foreign language lessons)

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The sandwich technique describes a process for the oral conveyance of meaning in foreign language lessons . With this technique, after having used an unknown expression in the flow of the language to be learned, the teacher gives an appropriate, idiomatic native translation and then repeats the original expression. The sequence of the foreign-language-mother-tongue-foreign language spoken text pieces, figuratively speaking, forms a sandwich .

principle

When the teacher practices a dialogue and speaks a sentence that contains something unknown, he inserts a suitable translation after the unknown expression and then repeats the foreign-language original, which the students repeat immediately: L2 ⇒ L1 ⇒ L2.

  • English teacher: What's the matter? - What is (then) going on? - What's the matter?
  • Student: What's the matter?

By repeating the original, interference from the mother tongue is avoided and the students can concentrate on repeating it without being distracted from the search for meaning. The translation "can be handled very discreetly, for example in the way of speaking aside or whispering". In this way, the teacher can easily introduce work instructions and the like, and he succeeds better than in a purely monolingual lesson in establishing the foreign language as the working language.

However, it is important to ensure that expressions that have been introduced are retained and do not need to be translated again.

In addition, authentic texts can be introduced earlier:

English teacher (tells a tale in English): "... and her stepmother scolded her without mercy - she scolded mercilessly from - she scolded her without mercy ..."

The translations always appear in foreign language contexts and should not be confused with isolated vocabulary equations. For Wolfgang Butzkamm , the sandwich technique is a central technique in foreign language teaching. It goes back to CJ Dodson's bilingual method and is used explicitly in the Basic Global English concept, for example . The name can be found in Butzkamm & Eschbach (1985, p. 134).

Further application examples

  • Teacher: Your job is to match the sentences - assign the sets - to match the sentences.
  • Teacher: There's a printing error here - a printing error.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Butzkamm, Wolfgang (2004). The desire to teach, the desire to learn. A new methodology for foreign language teaching. Tübingen: Francke Verlag, p. 15.
  2. ^ Dodson, CJ (1967). Language teaching and the bilingual method. London: Pitman.
  3. ↑ See Grzega, Joachim (2010). Welcome, global players! Basic Global English (BGE) for Adult Learner Groups - German Version, Eichstätt: ASEcoLi, p. 2 (PDF; 447 kB)
  4. ^ Butzkamm, Wolfgang & Stefan Eschbach (1985). Principle of monolingualism - role of the mother tongue. In: Jürgen Thursday & Annelie Knapp-Potthoff (ed.) Congress documentation of the 10th working conference of foreign language didactics. Tübingen: Narr Verlag, 133-142.

literature

  • Butzkamm, Wolfgang (1989/2002). Psycholinguistics of foreign language teaching. From mother tongue to foreign language. Tübingen: Francke Verlag.
  • Cook, Guy (2010). Translation in Language Teaching. An Argument for Reassessment. Oxford University Press.