Fate community of humanity

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A community of human destiny (simplified Chinese: 人类 命运 共同体; traditional Chinese: 人類 命運 共同體, pinyin: rén lèi mìng yùn gòng tóng tǐ) is a concept advocated by Xi Jinping , general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party , and by the United Nations was accepted. The term was first used publicly by Xi in a speech to the State Institute for International Relations in Moscow.

Content

In his report on the 19th Congress of the Communist Party of China , Xi Jinping said that we should join forces to shape a community of human destiny and build a world that is clean and beautiful, characterized by lasting peace, general security, common prosperity, and openness and inclusion : This represents the core content of the creation of a community of human destiny. Xi Jinping said at the opening of the meeting "The CPC in dialogue with political parties of the world" on December 2, 2017, under a community of human destiny one understands that the future and the fate of every nation and country are closely linked. They should go through thick and thin with each other and share joys and sorrows. You should strive to build the earth on which we were born and raised into a harmonious large family and to realize the desire of all the peoples of the world for a beautiful life.

In his speech to the UN in 2015, Xi Jiping quoted the Chinese proverb "It is the greatest ideal to create a world that is truly shared by all" and then said: a. the following points for the realization of which the community of peoples should work. He describes the goals of the UN as peace, development, equality, justice, democracy and freedom. In order to achieve these goals, the following efforts should be made:

  • Partnerships should be developed "in which countries treat each other as equals, consult together and show mutual understanding."
  • All countries are the same. The big, strong, and rich shouldn't bully the small, weak, and poor.
  • The territorial integrity of all countries is inviolable, their internal affairs must not be the target of interference.
  • The efforts of all countries to promote economic and social development and improve the lives of their people should be respected.
  • "We should adopt a new vision of looking for the outcome of mutual benefit for all and reject the outdated notion that the gain of one means the loss of the other or that everything goes to the victor".
  • A security architecture should be created that offers fairness, justice, common contribution and shared benefits.
  • The Cold War mentality in all its manifestations should be abandoned and replaced by a new vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security.
  • The exchange between civilizations should be increased in order to promote harmony, inclusiveness and respect for differences.
  • An ecosystem should be built that puts 'mother nature' and green development first. “Mankind may use nature and even try to transform it. But ultimately we are all part of nature. We should take care of nature and not put ourselves above it. "
  • A healthy global ecological environment should be created.

history

The catchphrase of a “community of human destiny” was first uttered by the former General Secretary Hu Jintao in November 2012 in his report at the 18th party conference of the CPC. Xi Jinping mentioned this term again in his March 2013 speech at the Moscow State Institute for International Relations. It was the first time that the Chinese president had proposed the idea in an international context.

In his speech to the UN General Assembly on September 28, 2015, Xi Jinping suggested: “We should renew our commitment to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter , create a new kind of international relations based on cooperation for mutual benefit, and create a community of a shared future for humanity. "

On October 12, 2017, the draft resolution to prevent an arms race in space, adopted by the First Committee on Disarmament and International Security at the 72nd session of the UN General Assembly, affirmed “no initial placement of weapons in space”. "Practical measures should be examined and taken in seeking agreements to prevent an arms race in space and in a concerted effort to build a community for the common future of humanity."

On March 11, 2018, the building of a “community of human destiny” was written in the Chinese constitutional amendment.

criticism

The concept of a community of human destiny is accused of wanting to replace the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and internationally binding human rights norms with an alternative normative order with Chinese characteristics. The People's Republic of China and the Chinese Communist Party are attempting to refute concrete human rights criticism from abroad by spreading this concept.

The concept is also accused of being vague about official statements. Although the concept of a community of human destiny has been part of the foreign policy rhetoric of the People's Republic of China since 2013 and is presented by the Chinese leadership as a goal of Chinese diplomacy, it is unclear what this actually means and how this goal is to be achieved.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Deciphering China's Global Strategies Mercator Institute for China Studies, October 4, 2018, accessed November 30, 2018
  2. ↑ “Humanity's community of fate” becomes the top term, from May 30, 2018 Link goes to the state Chinese news agency
  3. ↑ 马文英: 党 的 十九 大 报告 双语 全文 [6]. Retrieved October 12, 2018 .
  4. ↑ The speech of the Chinese President Xi Jinping before the UN General Assembly, full text, news portal of the German Communist Party. Accessed October 15, 2018 (German).
  5. ↑ 十八 大 报告 全文 英汉 对照 Full text of Hu's report at 18th Party Congress_ 时事 英语 _ 福建省 外事 办. Retrieved October 15, 2018 (Chinese (China)).
  6. ^ Charlotte Gao, The Diplomat: 'A Community of Shared Future': One Short Phrase for UN, One Big Victory for China? In: The Diplomat . ( thediplomat.com [accessed October 15, 2018]).
  7. ^ Seventy-Second Session of the General Assembly - UNODA. Retrieved October 15, 2018 (American English).
  8. ↑ United Nations Official Document. Retrieved October 15, 2018 .
  9. ↑ （两会 受权 发布） 中华人民共和国 宪法 修正案 - 新华网. Retrieved October 15, 2018 .
  10. ↑ Katrin Kinzelbach: China: Human Rights Challenged . December 4, 2018, ISSN  0376-6829 ( nzz.ch [accessed on May 19, 2019]).
  11. ↑ Deciphering China's Global Strategies | Mercator Institute for China Studies. Retrieved May 20, 2019 .
  12. ↑ MERICS_ChinaMonitor_Foreign_Policy_. Retrieved May 20, 2019 .

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