Welding position

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Logo of the German Institute for Standardization DIN EN ISO 6947
Area welding
title Welding positions
Brief description: Welding and allied processes, definition of welding positions
Latest edition 2020-02 (2011-06 latest version)
ISO 6947

The welding positions describe or designate the position of the weld seam during the welding process .

Determination of the position

The welding positions result from the position of the workpieces to be welded and the accessibility of the torch to the seam. Each welding position requires different welding techniques. The choice of electrodes and other parameters ( current strength ) can depend on this. This is reflected in the welder's training and in corresponding tests.

The tub position (PA) is the ideal position in which the melt flows through gravity to the lowest point between the components. Other positions are described as predicament. If the components are movable, they are positioned in the bathtub by the welder, the clamping device or a handling robot. In many cases, such as orbital welding of a pipeline, however, this is not possible, so welding must be carried out in difficult positions. In the case of pipes, the ideal position is slightly rising, i.e. in the 11 o'clock position (PH).

Abbreviations according to EN ISO and ASME code

The following abbreviations PA, PB, PC, PD, PE, PF, PG, PH, PJ, H-L045, J-L045, PK are used in DIN EN ISO 6947 :

  • PA = Horizontal welding of butt and fillet welds (tub positions or tub position)
  • PB = Horizontal welding of fillet welds (horizontal-vertical position)
  • PC = transverse position or transverse seam (horizontal welding on a vertical wall)
  • PD = Horizontal overhead position
  • PE = overhead welding or overhead position
  • PF = vertical position or vertical seam on sheet metal (vertical welding from bottom to top)
  • PG = drop position or vertical down seam (vertical welding from top to bottom)
  • PH = vertical position or vertical seam, butt welds pipe to pipe and fillet welds pipe to plate (vertical welding from bottom to top)
  • PJ = vertical position or vertical seam, butt welds pipe to pipe and fillet welds pipe to plate (vertical welding from top to bottom)
  • H-L045 = 45 ° inclined position (pipe fixed), rising welding
  • J-L045 = 45 ° inclined position (pipe fixed), downward welding
  • PK = pipe position for orbital welding
  • SP = Any welding position that is not covered by one of the main positions. (Since issue 02-2020)

In ASME Code Section IX (QW-120) the test items are designated as follows:

Butt sutures

  • 1G = tub position (+ pipe), flat position, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PA
  • 2G = transverse position (+ pipe), transverse position, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PC
  • 3Gu = climbing position, vertical-up position, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PF
  • 3Gd = falling position, vertical-down position, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PG
  • 4G = overhead position, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PE
  • 5Gu = pipe up position, vertical-up position, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PH
  • 5Gd = drop position pipe, vertical-down position, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PJ
  • 6Gu = 45 ° inclined position (pipe fixed), climbing position, vertical-up, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position H-L045
  • 6Gd = 45 ° inclined position (tube fixed), drop position, vertical-down, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position J-L045

Fillet welds

  • 1F = bath position, flat position, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PA
  • 1FR = trough position on the inclined pipe (e.g. 45 °), flat position, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PA
  • 2F = Horizontal on the pipe, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PB
  • 2FR = horizontal on the pipe, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PB
  • 4F = horizontal overhead, overhead, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PD
  • 5Fd = drop position on the pipe, vertical-down, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PJ
  • 5Fu = climbing position on the pipe, vertical-up, comparable to the welding position according to EN, position PH

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Welding Training and Research Institute SLV Munich: Training according to DIN EN 287
  2. ↑ DIN EN ISO 6947: 2011-08 Welding and allied processes - welding positions