Sevastopol (ship, 1895)
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|---|---|
 Ship of the line Sevastopol |
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| Overview | |
| Type | Ship of the line |
| Shipyard | |
| Keel laying | May 1892 |
| Launch | November 1, 1895 |
| Namesake | Sevastopol city battle in the Crimean War |
| Commissioning | 1899 |
| Whereabouts | On January 2, 1905 in Port Arthur scuttled |
| Technical specifications | |
| displacement |
Construction: 10,960 ts |
| length |
KWL : 112.47 m |
| width |
21.34 m |
| Draft |
7.77 m |
| crew |
632 men |
| drive |
2 standing triple expansion steam engines with 11,250 PSi |
| speed |
16.5 kn |
| Armament |
|
| stock |
1,500 ts of coal |
| Armor |
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The Sevastopol was the second of three pre-dreadnought ships of the line of the Petropavlovsk class of the Imperial Russian Navy . Sister ships were the Petropavlovsk and the Poltava . All three were lost in the Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905.
technology
The ships were 112.5 m long, 21.3 m wide and went 8.6 m deep, displaced 11,359 tons and ran up to 16.8 knots. The armament consisted of four 30.5 cm guns in two twin turrets, twelve 15.2 cm guns in four twin turrets and four single mounts , ten 4.7 cm guns and 28 3.7 cm cannons. There were also six 45.7 cm torpedo tubes (four on the sides below the waterline, bow and stern tubes above water). The crew numbered 662 men.
history
The Sevastopol (Russian Севастополь) was laid down in the Putilow shipyard in St. Petersburg in 1892 , launched in June 1895 and put into service in 1897. She served in the Russian Pacific Fleet with her home port in Port Arthur and took part in the naval battle in the Yellow Sea on August 10, 1904 , during which the Russian 1st Pacific Squadron under Admiral Wilhelm Withöft failed to break out of Port Arthur. Trapped in the port of Port Arthur, most Russian ships were gradually sunk or incapacitated during the Japanese siege by heavy land batteries with 28-cm howitzers that fired 217 kg armor-piercing HE shells . The liner Poltava sank on December 5, 1904, followed two days later by the liner Retwisan and on December 9 by the liner Pobeda and Peresvet and two cruisers.
The Sevastopol received five heavy hits in the bombardment, but was ultimately able to escape from the fire area of the Japanese batteries. As a result, Admiral Togo dispatched six waves of destroyer attacks in succession over the next three weeks against the last remaining Russian battleship in Port Arthur. A total of 124 torpedoes were shot down on the Sevastopol , which was badly damaged, but still partly remained ready for action. Two destroyers were sunk and six others were damaged.
When Port Arthur finally surrendered on January 2, 1905 , Captain Nikolai von Essen had the severely damaged ship sunk by his own crew by opening the bottom valves at a water depth of around 55 m.
literature
- Tony Gibbons: The Complete Encyclopedia of Battleships and Battlecruisers. 1983.
- John Roberts, HC Timewell, Roger Chesneau, Eugene M. Kolesnik (eds.): Warships of the World 1860 to 1905 - Volume 2: USA, Japan and Russia. Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Koblenz 1983, ISBN 3-7637-5403-2 .
Individual evidence
- ^ John Roberts, HC Timewell, Roger Chesneau, Eugene M. Kolesnik (eds.): Warships of the World 1860 to 1905 - Volume 2: USA, Japan and Russia. P. 172. In other sources, the Galerny shipyard, which has become part of the Neue Admiralitätswerft, is also mentioned as a building site.