Safe instrument

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Safe instruments are medical disposables ( cannulas , syringes , lancets ) for percutaneous , invasive interventions, which are provided with a safety mechanism that prevents unintentional stabbing or cutting after actual use and is thus intended to protect against needle stick injuries . However, these products do not offer complete security either; Up to five percent of needle stick injuries are caused by products with safety mechanisms.

Safety venous catheter

Can be distinguished

  • passive safe instruments in which the activation of the safety mechanism takes place automatically during use without any action on the part of the user (e.g. implemented in indwelling venous catheters ) and
  • active safe instruments where the safety mechanism must be consciously activated by the user (e.g. implemented in the safety needles Vacuette Safety Blood Collection System, Tyco Kendall Monoject Magellan or Becton Dickinson Eclipse).

Furthermore, safe instruments are often differentiated according to the type of implementation of the security mechanism. A distinction can be made between shield mechanisms, defusing mechanisms and retractive systems in which the used needle is pulled into the interior of a housing after use. Safe pre-filled syringes are also increasingly being brought onto the market, for example some vaccines (e.g. Gardasil ) and certain heparins (e.g. Clexane, Fraxiparin ) and other antithrombotics such as fondaparinux (Arixtra) are already being sold in safe pre-filled syringes.

The development of safe tools began in the United States as a result of the discovery of the HI virus . The use of safe instruments in the United States has been mandated by the National Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act since 2000 . In the Federal Republic of Germany, the use of safe instruments is the history of the Technical Rules for Biological Agents 250 -Biological agents in the health service and in welfare (TRBA 250) explicitly required. In its current version, the TRBA 250 contains not only the rules for the use of safety products but also precise specifications as to when a product is considered a safety product.

proof

  1. ↑ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Needlestick injuries involving winged steel needles. CDC 2006, US Department of Health and Human Services.
  2. ^ McCall, Ruth E. / Tankersley, Cathee M., 2003, pp. 132f.
  3. ^ Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act , 2000.
  4. ↑ Technical rules for biological agents: TRBA 250 . Joint Ministerial Gazette No. 35 v. July 27, 2007, p. 720.

literature

  • A. Wittmann: Injuries to pointed and / or sharp objects in the health service - A contribution to assessing the risks. edition FFAS, Freiburg im Breisgau 2006, ISBN 3-9807531-9-0
  • D. Ernst: "Applied Phlebotomy", London 2005, ISBN 9780781750554 .
  • McCall, Ruth E. / Tankersley, Cathee M .: "Phlebotomy Exam Review", Lanzville 2003, ISBN 9780781733540 .