Sleep (programming language)

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Sleep
Paradigms : procedural , functional
Publishing year: 2004
Developer: Raphael Mudge
Current  version : 2.1 update 4   (April 30, 2009)
Typing : dynamic
Influenced by: Perl , Objective-C
Operating system : platform independent
License : LGPL
sleep.dashnine.org

Sleep is a procedural scripting language inspired by Perl and Objective-C . The only known implementation is written in Java and designed for easy integration with Java applications.

The Sleep Java API allows the language to be expanded to include new operators, functions and “environments”.

Sleep is for example in the IRC client jIRCii and the IRC - Bot SleepyBot used.

Overview

The properties of language

Dates, structures and types

Sleep has three different types of data: scalars, arrays, and hashes ( associative arrays ). Scalars start with a dollar sign ( $ ), arrays start with an at sign ( @ ), and hashes start with a percent sign  ( % ).

Scalars

For example, a scalar can represent a character string or a number . Strings are literals or "parsed literals". Numbers are either integers or floating point numbers . Moreover, scalars can also represent any object references, for example when HOES are used.

Arrays

An array is a collection of scalars, hashes, or other arrays that can be addressed using a numeric index, starting with zero  (0).

Hashes

Hashes are associative arrays and map keys to values. Keys can be numbers or strings.

Dynamic typing

Like many scripting languages, Sleep uses dynamic typing . This means that variables are not declared before use and must have been assigned a data type. This has certain advantages, but also certain disadvantages.

HOES

HOES (Haphazard Object Extensions for Sleep) are new in Sleep 2.0. These enable the creation and use of Java objects.

Code examples

"Hello World" 

   # Gibt "Hallo Welt" auf der Standardausgabe aus
   println('Hallo Welt');

Strings

Literals

   # Zuweisung eines Literals an einen Skalar
   $string = 'Diese Zeichenkette ist ein Literal';

"Parsed literals" 

   $str1 = 'Variablen';
   $str2 = 'werden';
   $str3 = 'in geparsten Zeichenketten';
   $str4 = 'ersetzt';
   $string = "Prima, $str1 $str2 $str3 $str4";
   println($string);

Output: 

Prima, Variablen werden in geparsten Zeichenketten ersetzt

Concatenation

Strings are concatenated with the dot operator. 

   $punkt = '.';
   $ende = 'verkettet.';
   $string = 'Zeichenketten ' . 'werden mit dem ' . $punkt . " $ende";
   println($string);

Output: 

Zeichenketten werden mit dem . verkettet.

Arrays

   @namen = array('Thomas','Michael','Andreas');
   println( join( ', ', @namen ) );

Output: 

Thomas, Michael, Andreas

Hashes

   %person = hash( vorname => 'Thomas', nachname => 'Müller', alter => 33 );
   println( 'Name:  ' . %person['vorname'] . ' ' . %person['nachname'] );
   println( 'Alter: ' . %person['alter'] . ' Jahre' );

Output: 

Name:  Thomas Müller
Alter: 33 Jahre

HOES

   # Erzeugt einen JFrame und zeigt diesen an
   import javax.swing.*;
   $jframe = [new JFrame: 'Sleep HOES Beispiel'];
   [$jframe setDefaultCloseOperation: [JFrame EXIT_ON_CLOSE]];
   [[$jframe getContentPane] add: [new JLabel: 'Erstellt mit Sleep HOES']];
   [$jframe pack];
   [$jframe show];

Applications

Sleep is currently used in the following applications:

Web links