Social planner
Under a social planner (Engl. Social planner ) is understood in the welfare economics a decision-maker who is trying to reach a defined as a desirable state. This can initially be a purely fictional person in the economic model or a political decision-maker in reality. It is assumed that such a state that maximizes economic welfare is usually not achieved by a purely market-based equilibrium.
The modern welfare economy is based on the two welfare theorems , in particular the Pareto optimization . In an ideal economy, an achieved competitive market equilibrium should be Pareto-efficient , i.e. H. a state or equilibrium of the distribution of scarce goods is to be achieved in which no one involved can be better off without putting another in worse off.
Examples
Which target should be considered specifically with which resources for which interest group depends heavily on the model background considered. If one comes to the conclusion that a market-optimal condition differs from the condition defined as socially optimal, this could speak in favor of political intervention by the state.
- In the Romer model ( endogenous growth model ) an optimal growth rate . In order to investigate whether the resource allocation achieved through the market equilibrium is optimal, for example, the growth rate is calculated that would result if a benevolent social planner could divide the resources of the economy at will, in this model: the end product between consumption and capital accumulation and the available work between the research and finished product sectors. Against the background of maximizing the intertemporal utility function (of the consumer).
- Subadditivity of the cost function: In the case of subadditive costs, a perfectly informed social planner would prefer a monopoly form ( e.g. the polypole ). In a real world with imperfect information and imperfect regulation, however, a balance has to be found between the advantages of competition on the one hand and the cost disadvantages due to the presence of several companies on the other. Such a decision would therefore, in particular, be based on the assumption of complete information .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kornprobst, Wolfgang. Innovation-based growth theory . Diss. 2008. p. 34.