Zündorf synagogue

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Former synagogue, west elevation, seen from the garden of the former Jewish neighbor Salomon (1960)

The Zündorf Synagogue was a place of worship in the Zündorf district of Cologne , Hauptstr. 159.

history

The Jewish history of Zündorf on the right bank of the Rhine began before 1700. The first historical evidence is the burial of the Jew Ischar on July 2, 1708 in the Deutz cemetery , which was the last resting place for the Jews in Zündorf until a separate burial site was set up in 1923. The Jewish cemetery of Zündorf, located between Gartenweg and Hasenkaul, north of the town on the Stadtbahn, still has eight burial places with six gravestones .

Zündorf was an important trading center and therefore attracted Jewish cattle and horse traders as well as butchers, moneylenders, small craftsmen and goods dealers. The former Judengasse, today's Gütergasse, also bear witness to Jewish life in Zündorf.

The Zündorf special synagogue congregation did not emerge from the Mülheim synagogue congregation until 1853 , but a prayer room had existed since 1713 in the form of a furnished room in the house of Andreas Salomon. As the community grew, the decision was made to build a new building. Construction began in 1880 and was inaugurated on August 18, 1882. From November 5, 1883, it was owned by the special synagogue community of Zündorf. To it belonged the Jews of the mayorries Heumar, Wahn and Rösrath.

After the National Socialists came to power in 1933, the number of members, which had already been declining, fell even more rapidly, due to emigration, expulsion, deportation and murder. Finally, accelerated by the lack of income, community life came to a complete standstill. On November 29, 1937, the community offered to sell the synagogue for 800 marks. a. under the conditions that the windows facing the garden of the Jewish fellow citizen, Mr. Salomon, are bricked up and that cattle sheds may never be built there, even in the event of resale. The synagogue was sold on February 9, 1938 before March 28, 1938, when the status of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany as a corporation under public law was legally revoked. The building was subsequently converted into a residential building, whereby the architectural details that gave an indication of the previous use disappeared.

The Zündorf Jewish community disbanded between 1938 and 1942 as a result of relocation and deportations.

architecture

The two-storey building, made of brick and provided with a gable roof, was 6.7 meters wide and 8.9 meters deep and only had a floor area of ​​59.6 m². From the main road it could only be reached via a three-meter-wide cul-de-sac, which led past an old building in front of the property.

According to a building description relating to renovation work from February 15, 1938, there were three large windows (1.50 × 2.50 m) and two circular arched windows in the west of the synagogue. Two windows, which were converted into living room windows in 1938, were at the rear of the synagogue and another high window on the north-western corner of the house. This was bricked up as agreed. As early as 1970 it was no longer possible to clarify whether the room in the courtyard in front of the synagogue, which was provided with an additional basement ceiling during the 1938 renovations, was a ritual bath .

literature

  • Elfi Pracht : Jewish cultural heritage in North Rhine-Westphalia. Volume 1: Cologne District (= contributions to architectural and art monuments in the Rhineland. Vol. 34, 1). JP Bachem, Cologne 1997, ISBN 3-7616-1322-9 , pp. 261, 291, 309 (Fig. 181).
  • Reinhard Rieger: The Zündorf Jewish Community. In: Our Porz. Contributions to the history of the office and the city of Porz. Issue 12, 1970, ISSN  0566-2591 , pp. 1-50.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Poller Heimatmuseum, home pages Zündorf, Haus Metzger Salomon, accessed December 3, 2012
  2. ↑ a b Reinhard Rieger: The Zündorf Jewish Community. In: Our Porz. Contributions to the history of the office and the city of Porz. Issue 12, 1970
  3. ^ Poller Heimatmuseum, home pages Zündorf, Haus Metzger Salomon, picture synagogue around 1960, accessed December 3, 2012

Coordinates: 50 ° 52 ′ 7.8 "  N , 7 ° 2 ′ 41"  E