Syndrome short test

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The short syndrome test (SKT) according to Hellmut Erzigkeit is a short performance test to record disorders of memory and attention. It is especially suitable for recording cognitive performance in the clinical-psychological area. It can be used for dementias, so-called "cerebral performance insufficiencies", organic brain psychosyndromas (HOPS), brain performance disorders in old age, transitory syndromes and organically caused psychological syndromes and disorders of all kinds. The SKT, which was first published in 1977, appeared in 2015 as a fourth, completely revised version.
The SKT is also used for the early detection and follow-up of dementia syndromes and the differential detection of transitory syndromes. In addition to being used in dementia diagnostics, the SKT is able to record cognitive impairments as a result of injuries or diseases of the brain as well as due to substance-induced cognitive changes (e.g. psychotropic drugs, anesthetics, noxious substances).

Test procedure

The SKT consists of a total of nine subtests: three subtests for recording memory performance (reproducing objects immediately, reproducing objects after being distracted, recognizing objects) and six subtests for recording attention and information processing speed (naming objects, reading numbers, arranging numbers, numbers back, counting symbols, interference test). The implementation time is approx. 10-15 minutes.

The re-normalization of the SCT takes into account the premorbid intelligence of the test person in the diagnosis of cognitive impairments and especially in the diagnosis of dementia syndromes. The test is thus able to identify the onset of cognitive decline processes at an early stage by showing statistically significant deviations from the performance of the healthy comparison group. In addition, the SKT enables a differentiation between depressed and demented persons (with the exception of MCI patients).

Reliability

The reliability of the SKT for the parallel forms A to E is on average between 0.80 and 0.88 ( Cronbach's α ). For SKT forms A and B, a Cronbach's α of α = 0.86 and the attention score of α = 0.92 were calculated for the memory scores in SKT data from clinical studies; for the overall test the result was α = 0.93. The retest reliability with a test repetition after 14 days was r tt = 0.88 and after 90 days r tt = 0.83.

validity

The SKT correlates with the MMSE to rct = -0.80; with the ADAS cog r ct = 0.71; with the dementia test r ct = 0.56 and the BCRS to r ct = 0.81. In addition, the SKT is suitable for determining the severity of dementia; His sensitivity to change was shown in the course of follow-up examinations.

Normalization

The new regression-based norm is based on test results from a total of 1053 healthy and 930 clinical people between 60 and 91 years of age. Use is possible from the age of 17.

literature

  • M. Stemmler, R. Horn: SKT nach Erzigkeit SKT Manual Edition 2015. University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 2015, ISBN 978-3-00-048479-7 .
  • H. Erzigkeit: The short syndrome test for the detection of attention and memory disorders. Vless Verlag-Ges., Vaterstetten 1977, ISBN 3-88562-001-4 .
  • H. Erzigkeit, E. Lungershausen, I. Füsgen among others: Dementia challenge for research, medicine and society. Springer Berlin, Berlin 2014.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ SKT Manual. Geromed GmbH, Castrop-Rauxel 1992
  2. ↑ a b Blog entry and interview with the authors of the new standardization
  3. ↑ a b Information from the publisher
  4. ^ G. Schneider, M. Wachter, G. Driesch, A. Kruse, HG Nehen, G. Heuft: Subjective body complaints as an indicator of somatization in elderly patiens. In: Psychosomatics . No. 44 (2) , 2003, pp. 91-99 , doi : 10.1176 / appi.psy.44.2.91 .