Tōkyō puck

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Tōkyō puck

description Manga magazine
Area of ​​Expertise Yonkoma , cartoons
language Japanese
publishing company Yūrakusha ( Japan )
First edition 1905
Frequency of publication weekly
Sold edition 100,000 copies
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Tōkyō Puck ( Japanese 東京 パ ッ ク , Tōkyō Pakku ) was a Japanese caricature and manga magazine that was published by Yūrakusha in Japan from 1905 . It was founded by the artist Kitazawa Rakuten and was the first of its kind. The title refers to the similarly oriented American magazine Puck , where Rakuten's mentor Frank A. Nankivell worked.

The novel magazine was a deliberate attempt by Rakuten to stand out from the joke and cartoon magazines that had been published up to then, so-called ponchi after the magazine Japan Punch . They made jokes about the shape, he wanted to joke about the content with Tōkyō Puck . In return, Rakuten was given control of the content of the magazine and deliberately did not use the common word ponchi , but rather the "manga", which had been rather uncommon until then. The magazine, printed in color, contained cartoons commenting on current political events, cartoons and comic strips with up to six pictures on political or non-political topics. These established the Japanese Yonkoma comic strips, which now have four panels. Some of the comic strips in the Tōkyō Puck also developed into sequel stories. Because of its political content, Rakuten has faced repeated pressure from the Japanese government and some issues have not been allowed to be published.

The weekly magazine soon sold 100,000 copies. It was translated into Chinese and English, respectively the drawings were labeled in three languages, and appeared outside of Japan in Korea, Taiwan and China. Rakuten became rich and famous through Tōkyō Puck . He also targeted young artists in the magazine to train them and make them known, among them Hekoten Shimokawa and Kawabata Shōtarō . New magazines by other artists and publishers were also inspired by Tōkyō Puck . In 1912 the publisher sold the rights to the magazine. Kitazawa Rakuten then left and started other magazines such as Rakuten Puck , Katei Puck and Kodomo no Tomo .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Frederik L. Schodt: Manga! Manga! The World of Japanese Comics . Kodansha America, 1983, ISBN 0-87011-752-1 , pp. 42 .
  2. ^ A b Ronald Stewart: Manga as Schism . In: Manga's Cultural Crossroads . Routledge, New York 2013, ISBN 978-0-415-50450-8 , pp. 28 .
  3. ↑ a b c Helen McCarthy: A Brief History of Manga . 2014, ISBN 978-1-78157-098-2 , pp. 14-16 .
  4. ^ A b Ronald Stewart: Manga as Schism . In: Manga's Cultural Crossroads . Routledge, New York 2013, ISBN 978-0-415-50450-8 , pp. 35, 39-41 .
  5. ↑ Brigitte Koyama-Richard: One Thousand Years of Manga . Flammarion, Paris 2007, ISBN 978-2-08-030029-4 , pp. 115 f .
  6. ↑ 川端 龍 子 . Kokugakuin University , accessed May 27, 2017 (Japanese).