Tyrol 1809
Tirol 1809 is a suite for wind orchestra in three movementscomposed in 1952by Sepp Tanzer . The piece is considered a milestone in the field of original brass music literature . In terms of content, the work deals with the Tyrolean popular uprising of 1809.
History of origin
Before the Second World War , many bands played mainly marches from military tradition or arrangements of classical works. In addition to his teacher Josef Eduard Ploner , Sepp Tanzer was particularly committed to new works in the area of original brass music literature. Around 1950, for example, Josef Eduard Ploner's symphony in E flat major for wind orchestra was orchestrated by Sepp Tanzer. Tirol 1809 is dedicated to these efforts, new original works composed it had Tanzer for 1,952 advertised in Tirol Brass Band - Composition Competition , for which he received the first prize.
In addition to the symphony in E flat major, there are also models of classical music for dancers, such as the 1812 Overture by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky .
Historical background
The suite is about the Tyrolean people's uprising, an uprising of the Tyrolean population against the Bavarian occupation against the backdrop of the Fifth Coalition War in 1809. Under the leading leadership of Andreas Hofer , the country was liberated from the Bavarian-French occupation in spring 1809 and defended until autumn . It was not until November and December 1809 that the Allied troops were able to occupy the country again and re-establish their rule.
Contemporary history
Although Tyrol in 1809 has a more or less concrete program with the historical events around the Tyrolean uprising in 1809 and the person Andreas Hofer , there is a strong reference to the situation in Tyrol at the beginning of the 1950s. Sepp Tanzer, who was musical director of the Gaus Tirol-Vorarlberg during the Nazi era , had his roots in South Tyrol . Efforts to reintegrate South Tyrol into Austria had already been nullified by Hitler through the Hitler-Mussolini Agreement , and the situation after the end of the Second World War was just as deadlocked. South Tyrolean Andreas Hofer is not only a historical hero, but also with very strong reference to the unification efforts of Tyrol after the Second World War.
Furthermore, the numerous anti-French songs that are processed, in addition to the historical context of 1809, should also be viewed in the way that Tyrol was under French occupation from 1945 to 1955 .
construction
The work takes about 16 minutes; The work has nothing to do with the baroque suite ; it is more reminiscent of a Battaglia . The work consists of three movements:
- revolt
- Battle on Mount Isel
- victory
1st movement - uprising
The first movement begins with the song Den Stutzn hear , but in contrast to the original song in a minor key . The original song begins with the text: Den Stutzn hear, at Saggara, what do the French want? Hey? Do you moan with your Gschroa, my heart in your pants? , which makes it clear right from the start who “the bad guys” are, in contrast to the historical fact that Bavaria occupied Tyrol. After this first theme, there are trumpets and drum signals that merge into a motif of hopelessness, at the end of the first movement the motif Den Stutzn hear sounds again .
2nd movement - fight on Isel mountain
The first motif in the 2nd movement is already anticipated in the 1st movement and goes directly into the chorale Wach auf, du deutsches Land . This chorale by the German cantor Johann Walter (1496–1570) was often claimed for its own position by the National Socialists during the Nazi era. This is followed by a trumpet signal, which merges into the song Tyrolean let's argue . The following course describes the fighting in which the Tyrolean let's fight fights against the French Marseillaise , very similar to Tchaikovsky's 1812 overture , until the Marseillaise sounds in minor key at the end and "loses".
3rd movement - victory
In contrast to the historical events, the suite ends in victory. Another anti-French song is processed here, the Spingeser Schlachtlied . After a lyrical cantabile that is reminiscent of an Alpine tune, a powerful bass theme can be heard, the suite finally ends with a grandioso.
literature
- Gerhard Sammer: Sepp Tanzer (1907-1983). Life - work - environment. A monograph. Diploma thesis, Innsbruck 1995.
- Heide Maria Söllinger: The development of the Austrian original brass music literature. Diploma thesis, Vienna 2011.
Individual evidence
- ↑ CV of the composer Josef Eduard Ploner musikland-tirol.at/ARGE-NS-Zeit
- ^ Gerhard Sammer: Sepp Tanzer. 1995: The 1952 brass music composition competition was announced by the Tyrolean provincial government , ORF -Tirol and the federal public education consultants for Tyrol. There were around 170 submissions. A first prize, two second prizes and three third prizes were awarded and endowed. Sepp Tanzer received first prize for <Tirol 1809> and second prize for <Der Festtag>.
- ↑ See p. 47 In: Josef Eduard Ploner: Hellau! Songbook for the front and home of the Tyrol-Vorarlberg district.
- ^ Britta Martini: Language and reception of the hymn. Analyzes and interviews on a baptismal song from the Protestant hymn book. Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 2002, ISBN 3-525-57207-7 , p. 87.
- ↑ Ivona Jelcic: “Unambiguous Nazi Codes” Tanzer, Ploner and National Socialism: But what does the music actually say? Scientists also find clear references to Nazi ideology in works after 1945. Tyrolean daily newspaper , September 11, 2013