Titer (chemistry)
In chemistry, titer (previously also normal factor ) is a factor that plays a role in a branch of analytical chemistry , dimensional analysis .
Definition and application
The titre t is a factor of the deviation of the actual concentration c is of the desired concentration c to a standard solution indicates:
The calculation of the amount of substance n added during a titration takes place via the product of the concentration c soll , the titer t and the volume V used :
The titer is a specific value for the respective standard solution. The titer is usually determined using a suitable basic titer substance . It makes sense to use the same method for titer determination as for the intended measurement.
The pharmacopoeia , the legal regulation for analysis in the pharmacy and the pharmaceutical industry , stipulates that the titer may deviate by a maximum of 10%, i.e. it must have a value between 0.9 and 1.1, as otherwise problems can arise when determining the content .
nomenclature
Until the second half of the 20th century, the word titer in chemistry only meant the concentration of a solution, i.e. the amount of substance per unit volume. But then it was also used for what is currently known as the normal factor. So the word titer became a homonym with two meanings. Since this led to misunderstandings, it was suggested that it no longer be used in chemistry and that only the terms concentration and normal factor should be used for its two meanings . At Wiktionary (see below), the word titer the importance of content , concentration .
literature
- G. Jander, KF year, G. Schulze: measure analysis. 16th edition, de Gruyter, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-11-017098-1 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gerhard Schulze, Jürgen Simon, Jander year measurement analysis , 17th edition, de Gruyter, Berlin, 2009.
- ↑ Carl Friedheim: Guide for quantitative chemical analysis, taking into account mass analysis, gas analysis and electrolysis . Carl Habel, Berlin 1905, p. 74.
- ↑ Gerhart Jander, Karl Friedrich year, Gerhard Schulze, Jürgen W. Simon: Measure analysis - theory and practice of titrations with chemical and physical indications . 15th edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin et al. O. 1989, ISBN 3-11-011975-7 .
- ↑ Udo R. Kunze, Georg Schwedt: Fundamentals of qualitative and quantitative analysis . 4th edition. Georg Thieme, Stuttgart, New York 1996, ISBN 3-13-585804-9 , p. 80.
