Tribhuwana Wijayrachtga Dewi

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Statue of Tribhuwannottunggadewi, Queen of Majapahit, depicted as Parvati

Tribhuwana Wijayrachtga Dewi (also known by her ruler name Tribhuwannottunggadewi Jayawishnuwardhani or Dyah Guitarja ) was a Javanese titular queen and the third monarch of Majapahit , who ruled from 1328 to 1350. She chose Gajah Mada as her prime minister and massively pursued the expansion of the empire.

Early life

She was the daughter of Raden Wijaya , the first king of Majapahit, and his wife Gayatri Rajapatni, and was the mother and predecessor of Hayam Wuruk , the fourth monarch of Majapahit. She also bore the title "Bhre Kahuripan" (Princess of Kahuripan ). Tribhuwana was a member of the Rājasa dynasty, the ruler of Majapahit and its predecessor, the Kingdom of Singhasari . On the maternal side, she was also the granddaughter of Kertanegara von Singhasari .

Domination

According to Nagarakretagama , the funeral oration dedicated to Hayam Wuruk, Tribhuawana ascended the throne in 1328 by order of her mother Gayatri, replacing Jayanegara , who was killed in 1328. She ruled with the help of her husband Kertawardhana.

In 1331, with the help of her cousin Adityawarman, she herself led an army onto the battlefield to crush rebellions in the areas around Sadeng and Keta. She did this in part to mediate the competition between Gajah Mada and Ra Kembar, who both wanted to become Tribhuawana's military leaders in the fight against Sadeng.

Tribhuwana's reign is known for expanding the territory of Majapahit. In 1343 Majapahit conquered the kingdoms of Pejeng , Dalem Dedahulu and the entire island of Bali . Adityawarman was sent in 1347 to conquer the rest of the kingdoms of Srivijaya and Melayu . He was then promoted to " Uparat " (second or viceroy) of Sumatra . Tribhuwana's reign ended when Gayatri died in 1350. The expansion of Majapahit continued under the rule of Hayam Wuruk. He reached Lamuri (today's Aceh ) in the west and Wanin (today's Onin Peninsula in Papua ) in the east.

literature

  • Nigel Bullough: Historic East Java: Remains in Stone. Adline Communications, 1995.
  • Robert Pringle: A Short History of Bali: Indonesia's Hindu Realm . Short History of Asia Series. Allen & Unwin, 2004, ISBN 1-86508-863-3 .
personal data
SURNAME Wijayattungga Dewi, Tribhuwana
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tribhuwannottunggadewi Jayawishnuwardhani; Dyah Guitarja
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Javanese titular queen and the third monarch of Majapahit
DATE OF BIRTH before 1328
DATE OF DEATH after 1350