Behavior cybernetics
Behavioral cybernetics is a specialty of experimental psychology that was first established in the psychological faculty of the University of Madison / Wisconsin in the early 1960s . The main initiator, long-time professor and chairman of the Behavioral Cybernetics Laboratory was Karl Ulrich Smith . Smith was u. a. Founding member of the International Ergonomic Society .
The research center in Madison was - as one of the first non-military facilities in the USA - equipped with the most modern technical aids of the time (mainframe computer, etc.). TV and computer-aided real-time motion analysis were used to examine the following areas:
- the operational autonomy of living systems
- the importance of one's own movement for learning processes
- the impact of disturbances on learning processes
- Interaction of Living Systems
- Human-machine interaction
- Human-computer interaction
Findings from this research activity were also disseminated under the term human factoring . Developments in the field of road safety and in the rehabilitative field can also be traced back to research at the Behavioral Cybernetics Laboratory .
In the German-speaking world, Bernhard Hassenstein is one of the founders of behavioral cybernetics.
literature
- Bernhard Hassenstein: Cybernetics and biological research. Academic Publishing Company Athenaion, Frankfurt am Main 1966.
- Bernhard Hassenstein: Biological Cybernetics. An elementary introduction. Quelle and Meyer, Heidelberg 1967.
- KU Smith: Social tracking in the development of educational skills. In: American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics. Volume 49, 1972, pp. 50-60.
- TJ Smith, RA Henning, KU Smith: Sources of performance variability. In: G. Salvendy, W. Karwowski: Design of work and development of personnel in advanced manufacturing. Wiley, New York 1994, pp. 273-354.
- TJ Smith, RA Henning, KU Smith: Performance of hybrid automated systems - a social cybernetic analysis. In: International Journal of Human Factors in Manufacturing. Volume 5, No. 1, Wiley, New York 1995, pp. 29-51.
- KU Smith: Physiological and Sensory Feedback of the Motor System: Neural-Metabolic Integration for Energy Regulation in Behavior. In: JD Maser: Efferent organization and the integration of behavior. Academic Press, New York 1973, pp. 20-66.
- KU Smith, V. Putz: Feedback factors in steering and tracking behavior. In: Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 54, No. 2, 1970, pp. 176-183.
- KU Smith, V. Putz: Feedback analysis of learning and performance in steering and tracking behavior. In: Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 54, No. 3, 1970, pp. 239-247.
- JP Henry, R. Junas, KU Smith: Experimental cybernetic analysis of delayed feedback of breath-pressure control. In: American Journal of Physical Medicine. Volume 46, No. 4, 1967, pp. 1317-1331.
- KU Smith: Cybernetic Psychology. In: RN Singer (Ed.): The Psychomotor Domain: Movement Behavior. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia 1972, pp. 285-348.
- TJ Smith, KU Smith: Cybernetic factors in motor performance and development. In: D. Goodman, RB Wilberg, IM Franks (Eds.): Differing Perspectives in Motor Learning. (= Advances in Psychology, Memory, and Control. Volume 27). Elsevier, Amsterdam 1985, ISBN 0-444-87761-4 , pp. 239-283.
- KU Smith, J. Henry: Cybernetic foundations of rehabilitative science. In: American Journal of Physical Medicine. Volume 46, No. 1, 1967, pp. 379-467.
- KU Smith, TJ Smith: Feedback mechanisms of athletic skill and learning. In: L. Smith (Ed.): Motor skill and learning. Athletic Institute, Chicago 1970, pp. 83-195.
- KU Smith: Physiological and Sensory Feedback of the Motor System: Neural-Metabolic Integration for Energy Regulation in Behavior. In: JD Maser: Efferent organization and the integration of behavior. Academic Press, New York 1973, pp. 20-66.
- SL Sauter: A Cybernetic analysis of the behavioral-respiratory modulation of heart rate and heart-rate variability. PhD. Dissertation. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin 1975.
- TJ Smith, KU Smith: Feedback-control mechanisms of human behavior. In: G. Salvendy (Ed.): Handbook of Human Factors. Wiley, New York 1987, pp. 251-293.
- TJ Smith, KU Smith: Behavioral cybernetic basis of cognitive performance. Experimental and theoretical analysis. In: Ergonomics. (Special Issue on Methodological Issues in Cognitive Ergonomics) 1988.
- J. Gould, KU Smith: Angular displacement of visual feedback in motion and learning. In: Perceptual and Motor Skills. 17, 1963, pp. 699-710.
Web links
- TJ Smith, KU Smith: Thy Cybernetic Basis of Human Behavior and Performance. In: G. Williams: Continuing the Conversation. A Newsletter of Ideas in Cybernetics. Volume 3, No. 15, 1988. (behavioral.cybernetics.cc)