Viktorids
The Viktoriden (formerly also known as Zacconen ) are one of the earliest aristocratic houses in Switzerland and held the highest secular and spiritual offices in the early medieval Chur and Churrätien for over ten generations from the first half of the 6th to the 8th century . They have been demonstrable since the 6th century. They are named after the name Viktor, which often occurs in the family .
The founder of the family is considered to be Zacco, a military leader who was probably appointed by the Merovingians around the middle of the 6th century and who was the successor of a Rhaetian duce . In one of the following generations, a family member of the Zacconen entered into a relationship with the native Victorid family, who had achieved a relatively independent political position in Rhaetia around 600 and held secular offices.
At the end of the 7th century, secular and spiritual powers were apparently separated, because in the 7th generation a Victor appears as a bishop, his brother Jactatus as Praeses . Power was also divided among the sons of Jactatus around 720: Vigilius was bishop, Viktor praeses . Victor's sons Tello and Zacco also shared power as bishops and praeses . After the death of his brothers, Tello reunited power and exercised classic regional episcopal rule in Churrätia.
With Tello's nephews Victor and his nieces Teusinda and Odda, who are also mentioned in the addition to Tello's will, the line of the Viktorids became extinct. The best-known bearer of the name is next to Tello Bishop Viktor I. He is attested in 614 when he took part in the fifth Synod of Bishops in Paris. The largest general synod of the Merovingian Franconian Empire dealt with questions of the ecclesiastical legal order such as freedom of the election of bishops and the competence of the ecclesiastical courts. On October 10, 614, Victor I signed the synod's resolutions. Viktor's presence at the Franconian Synod shows that the Diocese of Chur was firmly integrated into the Franconian Imperial Church.
In Sagogn there is evidence of a Victorian manor near Bregl da Heida .
Web links
- Martin Hannes Graf: Zacconen / Viktoriden. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
literature
- Reinhold Kaiser: Churrätien in the early Middle Ages . tape 21 . Schwabe, Basel 2008.
- Jürg Simonett (overall editor): Handbuch der Bündner Geschichte . Ed .: Association for Bündner Kulturforschung . tape 1 . Bündner monthly newspaper, Chur 2005, p. 105 .