Viruria

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As viruria refers to the presence of virus in the urine . Viruria is very important for the transmission of some viral infections , as the pathogens can be transmitted by smear infection , by inhaling the urine aerosol when urinating ( droplet infection ) or by drying out the virus and spreading it through the air. In the case of some viral infections, viruria is of particular importance in virus diagnosis . The correspondence to viruria found in bacteria in the bacteriuria and parasites in the Parasiturie .

Viruria as a transmission route

In human-to-human transmission, viruria is important in the case of human cytomegalovirus , polyomaviruses , human adenoviruses , enteroviruses and measles virus . Many animal viruses are transmitted through direct contact with the urine of host animals or through inhalation of the dried- on host urine . This applies to the hantaviruses and arenaviruses .

Viruria in Diagnostics

Some viruses (adenoviruses) cause infections in the genitourinary system and can therefore also be detected directly in the urine. In special cases the viruria has a diagnostic meaning in:

• Detection of a congenital CMV infection: In the case of CMV-IgG-positive newborns and suspected intrauterine infection, the infection is proven by detecting the virus in at least one urine sample taken for three consecutive days.
• Generalized enterovirus infection in newborns: The detection of enteroviruses in the urine of newborns with hepatitis and myocarditis proves the presence of a generalized, often fatal infection in the newborn.
• Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy (PAN): The risk of polyomavirus BK-associated nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients is monitored by regularly measuring viruria.