Previous crop

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A previous crop is a field crop that was grown on the same area in the year before the crop currently being grown ( crop rotation ). It can have ecological effects on the current fruit, for example improvement of humus, reduction of disease infestation with ideal previous crop. If the wrong previous crop is selected (negative previous crop), there is also deterioration, for example by favoring certain pests . The previous crop value is highly variable and depends on various factors such as climate, location, crop type and management. The mineral nitrogen fertilization is particularly decisive for the level of the previous crop value. The higher the mineral nitrogen fertilization, the lower the previous crop value.

Pulses (legumes)

Pulses (legumes) are cultivated less for their market performance than for their positive previous crop effects:

  • Basic nutrients are mobilized through deep root systems or phosphate digestion
  • Nodule bacteria bind atmospheric nitrogen and leave some of them together with the harvest residues in the soil
  • Due to the different genus of plants, legumes interrupt the infection cycles of soil-borne pathogens
  • Promotion of the bottom cooking and crumb structure
  • Compared to a Getreidevorfrucht a grain legume may have a yield increase in the subsequent grain from 0.5 to 1.6 t ha -1 achieve
  • The previous crop value must be taken into account in the economic and crop rotations assessment. a. possible with models

Other crops with a good previous crop value

Leaf crops such as rape produce previous crop effects similar to legumes. Often the N min values ​​are slightly increased after the rapeseed harvest. In addition, the comparatively early rapeseed harvest enables optimal stubble cultivation . Rapeseed also leads to a positive humus balance. On average, after wheat, rapeseed produces an additional yield of around one tonne per hectare compared to stubble wheat .

Of the cereal crops, oats have the highest previous crop value, which is between legumes and other leaf crops.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Sara Preissel, Moritz Recklinghausen, Nicole Schläfke, Peter Zander: Magnitude and farm-economic value of grain legume pre-crop benefits in Europe: A review . In: Field Crops Research . tape 175 , April 1, 2015, p. 64–79 , doi : 10.1016 / j.fcr.2015.01.012 ( sciencedirect.com [accessed March 18, 2016]).
  2. ↑ tll.de Previous crop effects (PDF; 75 kB)
  3. ↑ Moritz Reckling, Jens-Martin Hecker, Göran Bergkvist, Christine A. Watson, Peter Zander: A cropping system assessment framework — Evaluating effects of introducing legumes into crop rotations . In: European Journal of Agronomy . doi : 10.1016 / j.eja.2015.11.005 ( sciencedirect.com [accessed March 18, 2016]).
  4. ↑ UFOP.de: Previous crop value of winter rape (PDF; 354 ​​kB)