Hamburg-Wechsler intelligence test for adults
The Hamburg-Wechsler intelligence test for adults (HAWIE, WAIS-IV since 2013 ) is the German-language adaptation of the originally English-language intelligence test Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) by David Wechsler . The procedure is one of the test batteries for measuring human intelligence , which has one of the longest traditions. In 1991 a revised version HAWIE-R appeared and in 2006 the German version of the English-language 3rd edition (WAIS-III) appeared, which in the German edition was only titled “Wechsler-Intelligenztest für Adults” or WIE for short . The current fourth version, which was published in 2012, bears the same name as the English-language original, i.e. WAIS-IV.
The test battery consists of 10 sub-tests and, like the WISC-IV, follows the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model in its construction . The individual sub-tests can be grouped into the scales language comprehension, perceptual logical thinking, working memory and processing speed. Using norm tables, the performance of a subject can be compared with the performance of the age group. The test was designed in such a way that no systematic gender differences were found. Performance is expressed relative to age group as an intelligence quotient (IQ) with an arithmetic mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. An IQ of 100 therefore means that the subject did just as well as the average of his age group. In addition, the "general ability index" can be calculated, which, like the overall IQ, represents an estimate of the cognitive performance, but is not susceptible to limitations in processing speed and working memory.
Scales
| Scale name | abbreviation | Task group |
|---|---|---|
| Find common ground | GF | Understanding of language |
| Vocabulary test | WT | |
| common knowledge | AW | |
| General understanding (optional test) | AV | |
| Mosaic test | MT | Perceptual logical thinking |
| Matrix test | MZ | |
| Visual puzzles | VP | |
| Mold scale (optional test) | FW | |
| Add pictures (optional test) | BE | |
| Repeat numbers | ZN | Working memory |
| Computational thinking | RD | |
| Letters and numbers sequence (optional test) | BZF | |
| Symbol search | SYS | Processing speed |
| Numbers symbol test | ZST | |
| Strikethrough test (optional test) | DT |
Meaning of the subtests
- The 'mosaic test' is one of the core tests of perceptual logical thinking. With the help of two-colored cubes, the test person is supposed to recreate different complex templates within a given time. The test is intended to assess the ability to analyze and integrate abstract visual stimuli.
- The sub-test 'Finding Similarities' is one of the core tests in the Language Comprehension Index. It captures verbal concept formation and verbal reasoning.
- The 'repeat numbers' is one of the core tests of the working memory index and consists of three parts: 'repeat numbers forwards', 'repeat numbers backwards' and 'repeat numbers sequentially'.
- The 'matrix test' is the second core test of the Perceptual Logical Thinking Index. The person looks at an incomplete die or row and selects the missing part from five possible answers. The test records fluid intelligence, visual skills, classification skills, spatial-constructive skills, knowledge of relationships between a part and the whole, simultaneous processing and perceptual organization.
- The 'vocabulary test' is the second core test of the Language Comprehension Index. People name objects that are presented as a picture or they explain concepts presented in writing or orally. It captures a person's vocabulary and concept formation.
- The sub-test 'Computational Thinking' is one of the core tests of working memory. The person solves a series of verbally given arithmetic problems. This requires skills of mental manipulation, concentration, attention, short and long term memory, numerical reasoning, and mental alertness.
- 'Symbol Search' is one of the core tests of the processing speed index. The test person compares a group of abstract symbols with a target symbol within a limited time and indicates whether the target symbol is in the search group.
- The 'Visual Puzzles' sub-test is the third core test of the Perceptual Logical Thinking Index. Within a certain time limit, the test person should reconstruct a pictured puzzle from three puzzle pieces to be selected. The test measures non-verbal reasoning and the ability to analyze and integrate abstract stimuli.
- The third core test of the Language Comprehension Index is 'General Knowledge'. The person answers questions about well-known events, facts, places and personalities. The sub-test measures the ability to accumulate, retain and retrieve general factual knowledge.
- The 'number-symbol test' is one of the core tests of processing speed. The test person should assign abstract symbols to a series of simple digits.
- The 'Letter-Number-Sequences' sub-test can be used as an optional sub-test of the working memory index for the age group 16; 00 to 69; 11. The person is given a series of letters and numbers that must be reproduced in ascending or alphabetical order.
- The optional sub-test 'mold scales' can be used in the age group between 16; 0 and 69; 11 years. It captures perceptual logical thinking.
- The 'General Comprehension' sub-test is one of the optional subtests of the Language Comprehension Index. The person answers questions that require understanding of general principles and social situations or rules. This sub-test measures verbal reasoning and concept formation, verbal understanding and expression, the ability to evaluate and profitably use past experience, the ability to demonstrate practical knowledge and judgment.
- The 'strike through test' is an optional sub-test of processing speed that can be used for ages 16; 00 to 69; 11. The person looks at an arrangement of images made up of various similar symbols and marks the target symbols in a limited time.
- 'Add Pictures' is an optional sub-test of the Perceptual Reasoning Index. The person sees a series of images and indicates or identifies the essential part or detail that is missing from each image.
history
The author of the HAWIE-R Uwe Tewes writes: “In memory of my teacher Curt Bondy , who has the merit of introducing the Wechsler tests into the German-speaking area, the original test name is to be retained and the test as HAWIE- R published. ". The German version, the Hamburg Wechsler Intelligence Test for Adults (HAWIE), was published by Hardesty and Lauber (1956) immediately after the WAIS was published. The revision of WAIS-IV that has now been submitted is a direct translation from the English version and corresponds to the original version in terms of the material and structure.
| Publishing year | Test name | abbreviation | Authors |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1939 revised 1942 | Wechsler Bellevue Intelligence Scale | WBIS | David Wechsler |
| 1955 | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale | WAIS | |
| 1981 | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale revised | WAIS-R | |
| 1997 | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Third Edition | WAIS-III | |
| 1956 | Hamburg-Wechsler intelligence test for adults | HAWIE | Curt Bondy, Anne Hardesty and Hans Lauber |
| 1991 | Hamburg-Wechsler intelligence test for adult revision | HAWIE-R | Uwe Tewes |
| 2006 | Wechsler intelligence test for adults | HOW | M. von Aster, A. Neubauer and R. Horn |
| 2012 | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales - Revision IV (German adaptation) | WAIS-IV | Franz Petermann (Ed.) |
Normalization
The norm sample of the current edition, the WAIS-IV, was collected between February and August 2012. The total sample (including retests) amounts to 1,800 people. The data in the norm tables are based on the results of 1425 people.
Reliability
The internal consistency in terms of Cronbach's alpha is between 0.73 and 0.94 depending on age and subtest. The reliability of the overall test is at least 0.97 in every age group, and 0.96 and higher in the general ability scale.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information from the publisher
- ↑ Instructions for use, p. 1 (Note: Curt Bondy was the head of the Psychological Institute of the University of Hamburg at the time the test was originally published - hence the addition "Hamburg" in the German test name)
- ↑ Manual, p. 1
- ↑ Manual, p. 5