Kit maker

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A toy maker (also Zeugwürker , stuff improvement or toy-maker and Fatzelwirker , Puraitwirker ) is established a former title of a clothier, the light of combed wool fabrics.

In earlier centuries, when producing cloth, a distinction was made according to the origin of the material used: sheep's wool, cotton, mixed wool, linen (s), silk / satin. - Only the craftsmen, the pure wool used, said toy makers , the others were finished Weber , Wollenweber , clothiers , weavers or simply Weber .

The kit maker made the woolen cloth (the "stuff") either from once combed or twice (double) combed sheep's wool. After extensive pretreatment of the wool up to the spinning into threads, the wool yarns were finally processed into witnesses on simple wooden looms .

The further processing of these naturally colored woolen fabrics turned out to be interesting: the stuff printing shop followed . In this in the 18./19. In an important branch of industry in the 19th century, the witnesses, i.e. the coarsely woven sheep's wool fabrics, were provided with colored patterns. Depending on the type of color application, applications (from the Latin applicare = to apply, to apply ) or panel prints were made, these in turn as real or fake printing.

Real were prints created by pickling (in partial areas, with Abdeckformen, multiple colors by repeating the operations with intermediate drying processes) and subsequent discolouring.

Fake prints were made when thickened colors were applied directly to the fabrics and fixed by drying or steaming.

From a mechanical point of view, a distinction was made between hand or model prints and machine prints: hand prints were made with printing forms, on which color was applied with the help of brushes and then the samples were printed by overlaying on the spread out witnesses and knocking off . Dowel pins ensure that the pattern is repeated as evenly as possible.

For machine printing , plates or rollers were used in which the patterns were embedded, so it was a gravure printing process . The ink comes into the incisions via ink rollers, which then prints the (negative) pattern on the woolen fabrics running over the rollers. - Using special rollers, the perrotines, it was also possible to imitate the (positive) printing of hand prints; the inventor was a Monsieur Perrot from Rouen . -

A quality assessment by an old encyclopedia showed: in Scotland they mastered the blackboard printing perfectly, in France the fake and in Saxony, in the area around Mühlhausen, the real printing.

These fine distinctions in the designation of craftsmen and the dyeing of fabrics were lost with the spread of modern machines, materials and chemicals.

swell

  • Homepage of the city of Plauen: see under "Handicrafts"
  • General German real encyclopedia for the educated classes. Conversation lexicon; 10th edition 1853–55, FA Brockhaus Leipzig
  • The realm of inventions, edited by H. Samter, published by W. Herlet, Berlin and Leipzig, anniversary edition 1901

Individual evidence

  1. Elke Pies: Traditional and other old professions. E. & U. Brockhaus, Wuppertal, 2005. p. 226. ISBN 3-930132-07-9