Zonality

Zonality describes the extent of the influencing factors for the plant communities created by succession . A distinction is made between three zones:

• zonal vegetation - vegetation zones corresponding to the climatic zones
• azonal vegetation - vegetation, the distribution of which is determined by location factors other than climate
• extrazonal vegetation - vegetation reminiscent of foreign climatic zones in locations with a special local climate

literature

• Heinz Ellenberg : Vegetation of Central Europe with the Alps from an ecological, dynamic and historical perspective. 5th, heavily changed and improved edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-8001-2696-6 .