Zornhau

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The term Zornhau is an expression from the fencing art of the Middle Ages or the early modern period. It describes a striking technique (fencing strike). There are indications that it was first used in German-speaking countries by Hans Sachs (1494–1576) in his poem Von den Fechtern . At that time, two-handed weapons such as long swords were used for fencing (see also main article European sword fighting ).

The Zornhau is a diagonal Oberhau that ends in a stitch position called "Hengen". The Zornhau is a displacement against an opposing Oberhau, which ends in a deadly counterattack.

The Zornhau

The Zornhau with the place is the first of the five "hidden Haue" (master pick or secret pick) of the Liechtenau school. Johannes Liechtenauer created a fencing theory that was handed down on the basis of cryptic memorabilia and that was very formative for fencing from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century. The five masters' hoes represent an important foundation in this teaching, with which every possible hat (basic position) as well as all attacks can be broken. Each master house contains an attack and a defense. With the Zornhau you can break all Oberhaue, regardless of the angle at which they are struck. The Zornhau is usually struck by right-handed people from the right shoulder, that is, it begins in the right "vom Tag" (hat) and ends in a stitch, the so-called Langort (stitch / hat). So if the attacker hits us with an Oberhau, at the same time we hit an Oberhau from the right and fall on his sword so that he cannot hit us, and stab him with the place to the face, neck or chest while you approaches the attacker with his right foot. The Hau is camouflaged as a simple sloping Hau or, as it is called in the fencing books, as a rough pawn strike. In contrast to other possibilities of defense (e.g. putting down), the Zornhau prevents the opponent from being able to free himself from the action again (e.g. losing weight or making a mistake); if the Zornhau is used correctly, there are only two ways out for the defender:

  1. an upper winding into a counter stitch, which can then be broken with a "mutation"
  2. a very strong side winding with the point upwards, so that the sword can no longer threaten it, which can then be broken with the "duplication".

Thus either the stab from the Zornhau or the “mutating” or the “duplicating” hits, and that makes the Zornhau a dead end, which always ends with a hit from the Zornhauende. How the original Zornhau from Liechtenau was hewn can no longer be said with certainty today, as the old fencing manuscripts also do not agree.

Some fencing masters show a stitch that goes almost horizontally to the head above shoulder height (e.g. Fechtbuch Goliath), while others stab the stitch out of the plow (hat) at an angle from below to the head (fencing books Paulus Kal).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ O. Dolch: History of the German student population from the founding of the German universities to the German wars of freedom: a historical attempt. Brockhaus Verlag, 1858, p. 76, here online
  2. ↑ JA Schmeller et al .: Bavarian dictionary: collection of words and expressions that occur in the living dialects as well as in the older and oldest provincial literature of the Kingdom of Bavaria, especially its older lands, and in today's general German Written language either ... Volume 3. Cotta Verlag, 1836, p. 127, here online
  3. ↑ B. Krug-Richter et al .: Early modern university cultures: cultural-historical perspectives on universities in Europe. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2009, p. 36, ISBN 3412229067 , here online
  4. ↑ HF Massmann: About handwritten fencing books. In: R. Naumann, Serapeum: Journal for library science, manuscript studies and older literature. Volume 5. Weigel Verlag, 1844, p. 49ff., Here online