State accusative
The state accusative ( Arabic الحال, DMG al-Ḥāl ) in Arabic is a nominal form in the indeterminate accusative ( suffix : -an ), which denotes a state that takes place simultaneously with the action described by the verb , - predicative to the verb. Thus, the accusative in this use has a special function that does not serve to identify a direct object .
The state accusative is used as an indeterminate accusative with nunation ( -n ) with a few exceptions with the letter Alif ( Arabic ا) written with Fathatan at the end.
The extended state accusative is often equivalent to a syndetic sentence.
Examples
- qāmat ʾilayhi bakīyat- an "she came to him crying"
- ǧamīʿ- an stands for "total"
- wāḥid- an with the following supporting word means "alone"
The first example sentence could also be expressed by a state clause instead of the Ḥāl accusative .
swell
- Wolfdietrich Fischer: Grammar of Classical Arabic . 2nd Edition. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1987, pp. 173-175.
- Helmut Glück (Ed.): Metzler Lexicon Language . 2nd Edition. Metzler, Stuttgart 2000.