Second Republic (Zambia)
In Zambia, the Second Republic denotes the one-party rule of the United National Independence Party from 1970 to 1991. President Kenneth Kaunda officially referred to it as one-party participation democracy .
After some hesitation, Kaunda had this political change to dictatorship suggested and legitimized by a referendum. This took place on June 17, 1969 and was a yes / no vote on greater powers of President Kenneth Kaunda vis-à-vis the National Assembly, thus strengthening his position. There were 1,587,966 registered voters, of whom 1,103,352 voted, or 69.5 percent. 39,667 votes were invalid and 1,063,685 valid. With yes 904,337, or 85.02 percent, and with no 159,348, or 14.98 percent.
The votes of December 5, 1973, December 12, 1978, October 27, 1983, and October 26, 1988 were yes / no votes on the President, in which Kenneth Kaunda ran unopposed. Neither the number of registered voters nor the turnout are known for any of the votes. In 1973, 654,360 votes were valid. With Yes voted 88.8 percent, and No. 11.2 percent. In 1978 no figures were published. In 1983, 95 percent voted yes and 5 percent voted no . Figures for the 1988 results were never published either.