Intermediate means

Two vertical cuts through stratified coal seam III , the horizontal distance between the two cuts is 18 m. The picture illustrates the different formation of coal (black) and intermediate agents (white) in a small space.

In mining, intermediate means ( middle , recovery means ) are thin layers of deaf rock between two minable ore deposits, seams or parts of a seam.

Emergence

Intermediate agents arise during sedimentation, the deposition of organic and non-organic material, in the same way as the later useful mineral. In contrast to this, the intermediate agent consists of unusable or unbuildable minerals. Since the deposition process takes place in geological time periods, changes in the deposition conditions (for example, partial uplift of the sedimentation basin) lead to different deposition of useful and dead minerals. The thicknesses of the seams can fluctuate, the intermediate resources can have a large thickness in a spatially limited area or they can disappear completely; conversely, the useful mineral can also cloud over , i.e. H. become unworthy of construction due to the increasing proportion of mining.

Occurrence and mineralization

Intermediate agents occur in almost all seam-like deposits. In hard coal mining they consist of non-organic components, mostly clay slate or sandstone, but also of clay iron stone or coal iron stone. In the past, such an intermediate remedy was occasionally found to be useful.

literature

Walter Bischoff , Heinz Bramann, Westfälische Berggewerkschaftskasse Bochum: The small mining dictionary. 7th edition, Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen, 1988, ISBN 3-7739-0501-7
Heinz Kundel: coal production. 6th edition, Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen, 1983, ISBN 3-7739-0389-8
Ernst-Ulrich Reuther: Introduction to mining. 1st edition, Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen, 1982, ISBN 3-7739-0390-1
Б. В. Бокий: mining science . Technology, Berlin 1955, p. 647 (Russian: Горное дело . Translated by R. Staepken).

Individual evidence

^ Hans Murawski, Wilhelm Meyer: Geological dictionary . 10th, revised and expanded edition. Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-432-84100-0 , pp. 20 .
↑ G. Leithold et al .: Taschenbuch Bergbau . Civil engineering. Ed .: Chamber of Technology, Association of Mining. tape III . German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1962, p. 18 .

[1] Hans Murawski, Wilhelm Meyer: Geological dictionary . 10th, revised and expanded edition. Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-432-84100-0 , pp. 20 .

[2] G. Leithold et al .: Taschenbuch Bergbau . Civil engineering. Ed .: Chamber of Technology, Association of Mining. tape III . German publishing house for basic industry, Leipzig 1962, p. 18 .