Agder is a historical region and countryside in Norway and since 1 January 2020 Fylke . The basis is a resolution passed by Storting on June 8, 2017, which provided for a reduction to eleven areas as part of a regional reform and merged Aust-Agder and Vest-Agder . The seat of the Fylkeskommune is Kristiansand , seat of the Fylkesmann Arendal .
geography
The province of Agder borders on Rogaland in the west, Vestfold og Telemark in the east and the Skagerrak in the south . The province is congruent with the part of Sørlandet .
The largest river is the Otra , which flows through the Setesdal from north to south. The highest mountain in the province is 1507 moh. high Sæbyggjenuten on the border with Telemark.
Important road connections are the E 18 from Oslo to Kristiansand and the E 39 from Kristiansand to Bergen . The most important north-south connection is Riksvei 9 in Setesdal. The Sørlandsbanen (Oslo– Stavanger ) with its branch line to Arendal ( Arendalsbanen ) is available as a railway connection . The largest airport in the province is Kristiansand Airport .
Surname
Historically, the term Agder is about 1500 years old and is derived from the Old Norse word agðir or ǫgd and this in turn from the ancient Germanic agio . Agder is etymologically related to the English word edge for 'edge' or the German word ' corner '. Agder was used to express the edges of the landscape to the adjacent sea, similar to the Norwegian coastal landscape Jæren , where jare also stands for the 'edge' and the same meaning. According to another interpretation, it could also be derived from the Old Norse word agi 'swell', which roughly means: land on the troubled sea .
history
Agder (green) and other kingdoms around 820 in what is now Norway.
Agder was originally a small kingdom in the Viking Age with the then spelling Agðir . Through different alliances, weddings, inheritance divisions and wars, there were constant changes in rule and borders as well as the rise and fall of these Norwegian kingdoms in these present-day Norwegian regions. The Little Kingdom of Agder (Agdir) was involved in many of these wars and family feuds with neighboring Norwegian territories at the time. Under Harald Fairhair , the individual kingdoms were finally merged in Norway in the 10th century . Many of these events were recorded in the chronicles of the kings of Norway, such as the Heimskringla and the Ynglingasaga as well as the Ágrip . In today's science, these works are not entirely undisputed. The title of “king” for Norwegian rulers at this time, including those of Agder, is also controversial, and from today's scientific point of view, a designation as prince or chief would also be possible.
Kings of Agder
Legendary kings
Kings of Agder: 790-987
Agder was later converted into a Fylke (Egða fylki) after a decision by the Gulatinget (Norwegian Thing ) . Administratively, the Fylke Agder belonged to Agdesiden len (Agder- Lehn ) and was one of the nine most important areas as a fief in the 16th century in Norway. Agdesiden consisted of the following regions: Lister Len , ( Mandal Len , also called Midtsyssel Len), Nedenes Len and Råbyggelaget . With the introduction of the offices in the late 17th century, the offices of Lister and Mandal as well as Nedenes (also Nedenes and Råbbygelaget ) were formed, which are the direct precursors of the Fylke Vest- and Aust-Agder, which existed until the end of 2019.
Until the 14th century, Agder was a purely rural area and there were no other towns between Skien and Stavanger . In the 15th century, urban civilizations first developed in Arendal and Ladested (official port city) Tønsberg .
Until 1902 Agder was part of the Vestlandet region . At that time it was customary to divide Agder into a coastal region and the other side into the inland region of Råbyggelaget . Råbyggelaget comprised the inland part of Fylke Aust-Agder including Åseral and part of today's Vest-Agder.
From 1902 there was the rival designation Sørlandet (Südland) to Agder . Under this name, a much larger area was originally intended to encompass today's Fylke Agder. Sørlandet is the name of one of the five Norwegian regions with the state capital Kristiansand . The name Sørlandet was chosen deliberately in order to integrate the area around the capital Kristiansand.
Current time
Agder currently comprises the following former areas : Lister , Lindesnes regions , Kristiansand regions , Setesdal and Østre Agder . Cities that belong to Agder are Flekkefjord , Farsund , Lyngdal , Mandal , Kristiansand, Lillesand , Grimstad , Arendal, Tvedestrand and Risør .
The name Agder is still used today in various contexts: People who come from the Fylke are still referred to as Egder (Agder) in Norway .
The Norwegian daily newspaper Agderposten is published in Arendal and the magazine Agder Flekkefjords Tidende is published in Flekkefjord . The University of Agder has locations in Kristiansand and Grimstad. The Agderparken is a large industrial park in Arendal.
The Agder bispedømme (Diocese of Agder) is a former name for today's diocese Agder and Telemark (Agder og Telemark bispedømme) of the Norwegian Church .
The catchment area of the Agder Lagmannsrett (Agder Court of Appeal) includes the Fylken in Agder Telemark and Vestfold .
politics
The first election for the newly created province took place on September 9, 2019. 238,214 people were eligible to vote. The first Fylkesordfører in the new province was the Høyre politician Arne Thomassen on October 23 .
Results of the Fylkestingswahl
| Political party
|
|
Results 2019
|
| be right |
% |
Seats
|
|
|
Conservatives (H)
|
29,698
|
21.1
|
10
|
|
|
Labor Party (Ap)
|
29,018
|
20.7
|
10
|
|
|
Christian People's Party (KrF)
|
18,380
|
13.1
|
6th
|
|
|
Center Party (Sp)
|
13,917
|
9.9
|
5
|
|
|
Progressive Party (FrP)
|
13,224
|
9.4
|
5
|
|
|
Environment party The Greens (MDG)
|
8,207
|
5.8
|
3
|
|
|
Democrats i Norge (DiN)
|
7,529
|
5.4
|
3
|
|
|
Socialist Left Party (SV)
|
6.228
|
4.4
|
2
|
|
|
Liberals (V)
|
4,299
|
3.1
|
2
|
|
|
Red (R)
|
3,477
|
2.5
|
1
|
|
|
Pensjonistpartiet
|
2.168
|
1.6
|
1
|
|
|
Partiet De Kristne
|
2.118
|
1.5
|
1
|
|
|
Others
|
2,208
|
1.5
|
0
|
|
|
total
|
|
142,530
|
100.0
|
49
|
|
|
voter turnout
|
|
|
59.8
|
|
| Swell:
|
Administrative division
The province of Agder is divided into 25 municipalities. Three municipalities were created at the same time as the province by amalgamating the old municipalities: Kristiansand (from Kristiansand, Songdalen and Søgne ), Lindesnes (from Lindesnes, Mandal and Marnardal ) and Lyngdal (from Audnedal and Lyngdal).
Municipality
number
|
map
|
Surname
|
Residents
(February 27, 2020)
|
Area
(km²)
|
Speech
form
|
landscape
|
| 4201
|
|
Risør
|
6809
|
192.97
|
neutral
|
Østre Agder
|
| 4202
|
|
Grimstad
|
23,544
|
303.59
|
Bokmål
|
Østre Agder
|
| 4203
|
|
Arendal
|
44,999
|
270.21
|
Bokmål
|
Østre Agder
|
| 4204
|
|
Kristiansand
|
111,633
|
644.16
|
neutral
|
Kristiansand region
|
| 4205
|
|
Lindesnes
|
23,046
|
934.32
|
Bokmål
|
Lindesnes region
|
| 4206
|
|
Farsund
|
9691
|
262.56
|
Bokmål
|
Lister region
|
| 4207
|
|
Flekkefjord
|
9028
|
544.07
|
Bokmål
|
Lister region
|
| 4211
|
|
Gjerstad
|
2428
|
322.14
|
neutral
|
Østre Agder
|
| 4212
|
|
Vegårshei
|
2097
|
355.65
|
neutral
|
Østre Agder
|
| 4213
|
|
Tvedestrand
|
6053
|
215.05
|
Bokmål
|
Østre Agder
|
| 4214
|
|
Froland
|
5951
|
644.54
|
neutral
|
Østre Agder
|
| 4215
|
|
Lillesand
|
11,074
|
190.43
|
Bokmål
|
Kristiansand region
|
| 4216
|
|
Birch trees
|
5226
|
637.36
|
neutral
|
Kristiansand region
|
| 4217
|
|
Åmli
|
1836
|
1,130.61
|
Nynorsk
|
Østre Agder
|
| 4218
|
|
Iveland
|
1331
|
261.63
|
neutral
|
Kristiansand region
|
| 4219
|
|
Evje and Hornnes
|
3634
|
587.08
|
neutral
|
Setesdal
|
| 4220
|
|
Bygland
|
1162
|
1,311.75
|
Nynorsk
|
Setesdal
|
| 4221
|
|
Valle
|
1164
|
1,265.26
|
Nynorsk
|
Setesdal
|
| 4222
|
|
Bykle
|
965
|
1,467.1
|
Nynorsk
|
Setesdal
|
| 4223
|
|
Vennesla
|
14,774
|
384.48
|
neutral
|
Kristiansand region
|
| 4224
|
|
Åseral
|
932
|
887.52
|
Nynorsk
|
Lindesnes region
|
| 4225
|
|
Lyngdal
|
10,365
|
642.8
|
neutral
|
Lister region
|
| 4226
|
|
Hægebostad
|
1680
|
461.33
|
Nynorsk
|
Lister region
|
| 4227
|
|
Kvinesdal
|
5987
|
963.22
|
neutral
|
Lister region
|
| 4228
|
|
Sirdal
|
1822
|
1,554.29
|
neutral
|
Lister region
|
| 42
|
|
Agder
|
307.231
|
16,434.12
|
neutral
|
Sørlandet
|
coat of arms
In June 2018 a decision was made on the new Agder coat of arms. It shows a golden oak on a red background. It is a simplified version of the oak on the Vest-Agder coat of arms in the Aust-Agder colors. The oak stands for long life with references to the past and the future, for wisdom and stability, the leaves for vitality. Oaks were often a meeting place, at the same time oak was a historically important commodity in the region.
See also
literature
-
Agders historie, edition from Agder historielag, 1991–, 4 volumes, ISBN 82-90575-21-1 , Finn boken.
- Berit Andreassen: Agder bibliographies, 1983–, 3 volumes
- Alv Kristiansen: Agder, 1977 (Bygd og by i Norge). ISBN 82-05-06463-6 .
Web links
Individual evidence
-
↑ Nye fylker at www.regjeringen.no, accessed on May 1, 2019
-
↑ Nå er det avgjort hvor Fylkesmennenes fellesadministrasjon shall be ligge on www.nrk.no from June 7, 2017, accessed on May 1, 2019
-
↑ corner. In: DWDS. dwds.de, accessed on August 1, 2013 .
-
^ Agder - geografi. Store norske leksikon Geografi Norges geografi Aust-Agder . In: Store norske leksikon. snl.no, February 14, 2009, accessed August 1, 2013 (Norwegian).
-
↑ Hans-Peter Naumann: Ynglinga saga. In: Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde. No. 34, de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-018389-4 , pp. 379-382.
-
^ Snorri Sturluson: Heimskringla - legends of the Nordic kings. Commented by Hans-Jürgen Hube. Marix, Wiesbaden 2006, ISBN 3-86539-084-6 .
-
↑ Johannes Fried: Why Norman rulers were unimaginable for the Franks. In: Bernhard Jussen (ed.): The power of the king. Rule in Europe from the early Middle Ages to modern times. Munich 2005, ISBN 3-406-53230-6 , p. 72.
-
↑ Agder Post. In: Agderposten . agderposten.no, accessed August 1, 2013 (Norwegian).
-
↑ Agder Flekkefjords Tidende. In: Agder Flekkefjords Tidende . avisenagder.no, accessed August 1, 2013 (Norwegian).
-
^ Universitetet i Agder. In: University of Agder . uia.no, accessed January 9, 2019 (Norwegian).
-
↑ Historisk første fylkesting i ett samlet Agder - Kommer i 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2019 .
-
↑ Agder Fylke. Valg.no, accessed September 13, 2019 (Norwegian).
-
↑ Navn på nye kommuner at www.regjeringen.no, accessed on May 1, 2019
-
↑ Cheryl Macdonald: Våpenskjold for Agder fylkeskommune endelig vedtatt on http://www.vaf.no from June 19, 2018, accessed on May 1, 2019
Fylker (provinces) and outer areas of Norway
58.75 7.75Coordinates: 58 ° 45 ' N , 7 ° 45' E
