Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe
| Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe | |
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UNESCO world heritage 
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| National territory: |
 Albania , Belgium , Bulgaria , Germany , Italy , Croatia , Austria Romania , Slovakia , Slovenia , Spain , Ukraine          
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| Type: | nature |
| Criteria : | (ix) |
| Reference No .: | 1133 |
| UNESCO region : | Europe and North America |
| History of enrollment | |
| Enrollment: | 2007 (session 31) |
| Extension: | 2011, 2017 |
Under the name Old Beech Forests and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and other regions of Europe , UNESCO lists numerous spatially separated beech forest areas in Albania , Belgium , Bulgaria , Germany , Italy , Croatia , Austria , Romania , Slovakia , Slovenia , Spain and the Ukraine as world natural heritage . The total area of the registered beech forests is 92,023 hectares, of which around 30 percent are in Ukraine.
Before the expansion in 2017, the world heritage was called primeval beech forests in the Carpathian Mountains and old beech forests in Germany and comprised 15 spatially separated areas in Germany, Slovakia and Ukraine with a total area of 33,671 hectares. In Germany, with the exception of tiny primeval forest-like areas of relic, these are near-natural old forests, while the stocks in the Carpathian Mountains are referred to as real primeval forests .
The primeval forests in Slovakia and some of the forests in Ukraine were included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage as transnational natural heritage under the designation primeval beech forests in the Carpathians in 2007. The first expansion to include five old German beech forests took place in 2011.
admission
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Location of the beech forests in Europe |
In 2007 ten Slovak and Ukrainian beech forests of the Forest Carpathians were included in the canon of world heritage; In 2011, five selected German red beech forests were added . In 2017, the list was supplemented by 63 further entries, so that it now contains 78 entries. The list includes beech forests from various phytogeographic zones such as the Illyrian climate , the Mediterranean climate or the Alpine climate .
Individual forests
Albania (since 2017)
- Lumi i Gashit nature reserve - 1,262 ha
- Rrajca - part of the Shebenik-Jablanica National Park established in 2008 - 2,129 ha
Belgium (since 2017)
- Parts of the Sonia Forest - 269 ha
Bulgaria (since 2017)
- Nine nature reserves in the Central Balkans National Park - 10,989 ha
Germany (since 2011)
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Location of the beech forests in Germany and Austria |
a total of 4,391 hectares of old, natural, old-growth forests
- Grumsiner Forst ( Brandenburg ) - 590 ha, founded in 1990
- Kellerwald-Edersee National Park ( Hesse ) - 1,467 ha, founded in 2004
- Jasmund National Park ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ) - 493 ha, founded in 1990
- Serrahner Buchenwald (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) - 268 ha, founded in 1990
- Hainich National Park ( Thuringia ) - 1,573 ha, founded in 1997
Italy (since 2017)
- Valle Cervara, Selva Moricento, Coppo del Morto, Coppo del Principe and Val Fondillo in the Abruzzo, Latium and Molise National Park - 936 ha
- Cozzo Ferriero in the Pollino National Park - 96 ha
- Umbra Forest in the Gargano National Park - 182 ha
- Monte Cimino - 58 ha
- Monte Raschio in the Bracciano - Martignano Natural Park - 74 ha
- Sasso Fratino in the Foreste Casentinesi National Park - 781 ha
Croatia (since 2017)
- Parts of the Paklenica National Park - 2,032 ha
- Hajdučki i Rožanski kukovi in the Northern Velebit National Park - 1,289 ha
Austria (since 2017)
- Wilderness area Dürrenstein ( Primeval Forest Rothwald ), ( Lower Austria ) - 1,867 ha
- Parts of the Kalkalpen National Park ( Upper Austria ) - 5,252 ha
Romania (since 2017)
- Cheile Nerei-Beușnița National Park - 4,292 ha
- Codrul Secular Șinca - 338 ha
- Codrul Secular Slătioara - 609 ha
- Parts of the Cozia National Park - 3,389 ha
- Parts of the Domogled-Valea Cernei National Park - 9,732 ha
- Izvorul Șurii and Preluci near Groșii Țibleșului - 346 ha
- Izvoarele Nerei in the Semenic-Cheile Carașului National Park - 4,677 ha
- Strimbu Băiuț - 598 ha
Slovakia (since 2007)
a total of 5,766 hectares of primeval natural forests
- Poloniny National Park :
- Vihorlatské vrchy in the Vihorlat Protected Landscape Area - 2,578 ha, founded in 1973 (scree forests with sycamore and ash, Lake Morské oko)
Slovenia (since 2017)
- Krokar - 75 ha
- Snežnik -Ždrocle - 720 ha
Spain (since 2017)
- Hayedos de Ayllon (Tejera Negra and Montejo) in the Sierra Norte de Guadalajara National Park - 327 ha
- Hayedos de Navarra (Lizardoia and Aztaparreta) - 235 ha
- Hayedos de Picos de Europa (Cuesta Fria and Canal de Asotin) in the Picos de Europa National Park - 323 ha
Ukraine (since 2007, expansion in 2017)
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Carpathian Biosphere Reserve in the Zakarpattia Oblast :
- Tschornohora - 2,477 ha, founded in 1968 (1912) (high Montaner mixed primeval beech forest with conifers, last habitat of the mink )
- Kusij / Trybuschany - 1,370 ha, founded in 1990 (oak-beech forests, warmth-loving flora)
- Maramoros - 2,244 ha, founded in 1990 (1907) (primeval forests of fir and beech)
- Uholka-Schyrokyj Luh - 11,860 ha, founded in 1968 (world's largest contiguous location of primeval red beech forests)
- Swydiwez - 3,031 ha, founded in 1997 (highest distribution area of pure beech forest stands within the world natural heritage)
- Stuschyzja-Uschok , nature park - 2,532 ha, founded in 1908 (oldest European beech reserve with dwarf beech forests)
- Gorgany - 753 hectares
- Roztochya - 385 ha
- Satanivska Dacha - 212 ha
- Darvaika, Kvasovets, Strymba and Vilshany the Synewyr - 2,865 ha
- Irshavka and Velykyi Dil in the Zacharovany Krai National Park - 1,258 ha
photos
Grumsiner Forest (Brandenburg)
Kellerwald-Edersee National Park (Hesse)
Jasmund National Park (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
Serrahn Primeval Forest (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
Hainich National Park (Thuringia)
Havešová, Poloniny National Park (Slovakia)
Stužica, Poloniny National Park (Slovakia)
Rožok, Poloniny National Park (Slovakia)
Vihorlatský prales in the Vihorlat Protected Landscape Area (Slovakia)
Chornohora, Carpathian Biosphere Reserve (Ukraine)
Uholka-Shyrokyi Luh (Ukraine)
Swydivets (Ukraine)
Web links
- Entry on the UNESCO World Heritage Center website ( English and French ).
- German site about the world natural heritage, created by Manfred Grossmann, Hainich National Park
- Mobile app about the world natural heritage (German, English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Official name English Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe , French Forêts primaires et anciennes de hêtres des Carpates et d'autres régions d'Europe , German name according to the World Heritage List. In: www.unesco.de. German UNESCO Commission, accessed on January 27, 2018 .
- ^ Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe, Maps . accessed on August 29, 2017.
- ↑ unesco.de: Old beech forests in Germany are world natural heritage (accessed on June 25, 2011).
- ^ Hans D. Knapp: Beech forests. A world heritage. (PDF) Hainich Conference, April 27, 2016, accessed on August 29, 2017 .
- ↑ Urim Shera: Gashi River, Rrajca inscribed on UNESCO's World Heritage List. ATA, July 9, 2017, accessed July 20, 2017 .
- ↑ Forêt de Soignes is a World Heritage Site . Article dated July 7, 2017, accessed July 16, 2017.
- ↑ orf.at: World Natural Heritage: Austrian beech forests listed . Article dated July 7, 2017, accessed July 8, 2017.
Cultural heritage: Ruined city of Butrint (1992) | Historical centers of Berat and Gjirokastra (2005)
Natural heritage: Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe : Lumi i Gashit and Rrajca (2017)
Cultural / natural heritage: Natural and cultural heritage of the Ohrid region (2019)
Cultural heritage: Flemish beguinages (1998) | Boat lifts on the Belgian Canal du Center (1998) | Grote Markt / Grand 'Place in Brussels (1998) | Belfries in Belgium and France (1999) | Old Town of Bruges (2000) | Art Nouveau buildings by Victor Horta in Brussels (2000) | Neolithic flint mines near Spiennes (2000) | Notre Dame Cathedral in Tournai (2000) | Plantin-Moretus Museum (2005) | Palais Stoclet (2009) | Significant sites of Walloon mining (2012) | The architectural work of Le Corbusier : Maison Guiette (2016)
Natural heritage: Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe : Sonia Forest (2017)
Heritage: Boyana Church (1979) | Rock relief of the rider of Madara (1979) | Thracian tomb at Kazanlak (1979) | Ivanovo Rock Churches (1979) | Rila Monastery (1983) | Old town of Nessebar (1983) | Thracian tomb of Sveshtari (1983)
Natural heritage: Srebarna Biosphere Reserve (1983) | Pirin National Park (1983) | Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe (2017)
Cultural heritage:
Aachen Cathedral (1978) |
Speyer Cathedral (1981) |
Würzburg Residence with Hofgarten and Residenzplatz (1981) |
Pilgrimage Church on the Wies (1983) |
Palaces of Augustusburg and Falkenlust in Brühl (1984) |
Cathedral and Michaeliskirche in Hildesheim (1985) |
Roman monuments, cathedral and Church of Our Lady in Trier (1986) |
Historic Hanseatic City of Lübeck (1987) |
Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin (1990) |
Lorsch Abbey (1991) |
Rammelsberg mine, old town of Goslar and Upper Harz water management (1992) |
Maulbronn Monastery Complex (1993) | Old Town of Bamberg (1993) |
Collegiate Church , Castle and Old Town of Quedlinburg (1994) |
Völklinger Hütte (1994) |
Cologne Cathedral (1996) |
The Bauhaus and its sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau (1996, 2017) |
Luther memorials in Eisleben and Wittenberg (1996) |
Classic Weimar (1998) |
Museum Island Berlin (1999) |
Wartburg (1999) |
Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm (2000) |
Reichenau Monastery Island (2000) |
Zeche Zollverein and coking plant Zollverein (2001) |
Upper Middle Rhine Valley (2002) |
Old towns of Stralsund and Wismar (2002) |
Bremen Town Hall and Bremen Roland (2004) |
Fürst-Pückler-Park Bad Muskau (2004) |
Limits of the Roman Empire : Upper Germanic-Raetian Limes (2005) |
Old town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof (2006) |
Settlements of Berlin Modernism (2008) |
Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps (2011) |
Fagus factory in Alfeld (2011) |
Margravial Opera House Bayreuth (2012) |
Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe (2013) |
Carolingian Westwork and Civitas Corvey (2014) |
Hamburger Speicherstadt and Kontorhausviertel with Chilehaus (2015) |
The architectural work of Le Corbusier : two houses in the Weißenhofsiedlung (2016) |
Caves and Ice Age Art of the Swabian Alb (2017) |
Archaeological border complex Haithabu and Danewerk (2018) |
Naumburg Cathedral (2018) |
Ore Mountains Mining Region (2019) |
Augsburg water management system (2019)
Natural heritage:
Messel Pit (1995) |
Wadden Sea of the North Sea (2009) |
Old beech forests (2011)
Former World Heritage:
Dresden Elbe Valley Cultural Landscape (2004–2009)
Historic city centers:
Assisi (with basilica , Sacro Convento and memorials of St. Francis) (2000) |
Florence (1982) |
Mantua and Sabbioneta (2008) |
Naples (1995) |
Pienza (1996) |
Rome (1980) |
San Gimignano (1990) |
Siena (1995) |
Urbino (1998) |
Verona (2000) |
Vicenza (with Palladio's villas in Veneto) (1994)
Buildings:
Arab-Norman Palermo and the cathedrals of Cefalù and Monreale (2015) |
Padua Botanical Garden (1997) |
Castel del Monte (1995) |
Crespi d'Adda (1995) | Early Christian Monuments of Ravenna (1996) |
Modena Cathedral , Bell Tower and Piazza Grande (1997) |
Strade Nuove and Palazzi dei Rolli in Genoa (2006) |
Ivrea , industrial city of the 20th century (2018) |
Centers of Power of the Lombards (2011) |
18th century palace of Caserta with park , the Vanvitelli aqueduct and San Leucio (1997) |
Piazza del Duomo in Pisa (1987) |
Residences of the Royal House of Savoy (1997) |
Sacri Monti in Piedmont and Lombardy (2003) |
Santa Maria delle Grazie with Leonardo da Vinci's “Last Supper” in Milan (1980) | The Sassi and the Park of the Rock Churches of Matera (1993) |
Trulli of Alberobello (1996) |
Villa d'Este in Tivoli (2001) |
Medici Villas and Gardens in Tuscany (2013) |
Venetian Defense System of the 16th to 17th Centuries (2017)
Archaeological sites:
Agrigento (1997) |
Aquileia (with Basilica of the Patriarch ) (1998) | Etruscan necropolis of Cerveteri and Tarquinia (2004) |
Valcamonica rock art (1979) |
Pompeii , Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata (1997) |
Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps (2011) |
Su Nuraxi di Barumini (1997) |
Syracuse and the rock necropolis of Pantalica (2005) |
Villa Adriana (1999) |
Villa Romana del Casale (1997)
Cultural and natural landscapes:
Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe (2017, N) |
Amalfi Coast (1997, K) |
Aeolian Islands (2000, N) |
Etna (2013, N) |
Cilento and Vallo di Diano with Elea , Paestum and the Charterhouse of Padula (1997, K) |
Dolomites (2009, N) |
Ferrara and the Po Delta (1995, K) |
Monte San Giorgio (2010, N) |
Portovenere and Cinque Terre with the islands of Palmaria , Tino and Tinetto (1997, K) |
Rhaetian Railway in the Albula / Bernina landscape (2008, K) |
Late baroque towns in Val di Noto (2002, K) |
Val d'Orcia (2004, K) |
Venice and its lagoon (1987, K) | Wine-growing regions in Piedmont: Langhe , Roero and Monferrato (2014, K)
Heritage : Old Town of Dubrovnik (1979) | Historical complex of Split with Diocletian's Palace (1979) | Episcopal complex of the Euphrasian Basilica in the old town of Poreč (1997) | Old town of Trogir (1997) | St. Jacob's Cathedral in Šibenik (2000) | Stari Grad Plain (2008) | Stećci - Medieval tombstones (2016) | Venetian Defense System of the 16th to 17th Centuries (2017)
Natural heritage : Plitvice Lakes National Park (1979) | Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe (2017)
Cultural heritage: Historic center of the city of Salzburg (1996) | Schönbrunn Palace and Gardens (1996) | Cultural landscape Hallstatt – Dachstein / Salzkammergut (1997) | Semmering Railway (1998) | City of Graz - Historic Center and Eggenberg Palace (1999) | Wachau cultural landscape (2000) | Fertő / Neusiedler See cultural landscape (2001) | Historic Center of Vienna (2001, R ) | Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps (2011)
Natural heritage: ancient beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathians and other regions of Europe (2017)
Cultural heritage: villages with fortified churches in Transylvania (1993/1999) | Horezu Monastery (1993) | Churches in Moldova (1993/2010) | Historic Center of Sighișoara (1999) | Maramureș wooden churches (1999) | Dacian fortifications in the mountains of Orăştie (1999)
Natural heritage: Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (1991) | Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe (2017)
Cultural heritage: Vlkolínec farming village (1993) | Levoča , Spišský hrad , Spišské Podhradie and the Church of the Holy Spirit in Žehra (1993) | Mining town of Banská Štiavnica (1993) | Historical center of Bardejov (2000) | Wooden churches in the Slovak part of the Carpathian Mountains (2008)
Natural heritage: caves in the Aggtelek and Slovak Karst (1995) | Primeval beech forests in the Carpathian Mountains (2007)
Cultural heritage: Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps (2011) | Historic sites of mercury extraction: Almadén and Idrija (2012)
Natural heritage: Škocjan Caves (1986) | Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe (2017)
Historic city centers:
Alcalá de Henares with university (1998) |
Ávila with churches outside the city wall (1985) |
Cáceres (1986) |
Cordoba with Mosque-Cathedral (1984) |
Cuenca (1996) |
Granada with Alhambra and Generalife Palace (1984) |
Salamanca (1988) |
San Cristóbal de La Laguna (1999) |
Santiago de Compostela (1985) |
Segovia with Aqueduct (1985) |
Toledo (1986)
Buildings:
Architecture of the Mudéjares in Aragón (1986) |
Monuments of Oviedo and the Kingdom of Asturias (1985) |
Almadén Mine (2012) |
Escorial in Madrid (1984) |
Tower of Hercules (2009) |
Burgos Cathedral (1984) |
Cathedral , Alcázar and Archivo General de Indias in Seville (1987) |
Catalan Romanesque churches in the Vall de Boí (2000) |
Poblet Monastery (1991) |
Monasteries of San Millán de Yuso and San Millán de Suso (1997) |
Royal Monastery of Santa María de Guadalupe (1993) | Monumental Renaissance buildings by Úbeda and Baeza (2003) |
Palau de la Música Catalana and Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau in Barcelona (1997) |
Puente de Vizcaya (2006) |
Roman city walls of Lugo (2000) |
Valencia Silk Exchange (1996) |
Works by Antoni Gaudí (1984)
Archaeological sites:
Atapuerca (2000) |
Antequera Dolmen (2016) |
Rock art of the Mediterranean on the Iberian Peninsula (1998) |
Altamira Cave and Paleolithic Cave Paintings in Northern Spain (1985) |
Las Médulas (1997) |
Madīnat az-zahrāʾ (2018) |
Mérida (1993) |
Siega Verde * (2010) |
Tarraco (2000)
Cultural and natural landscapes:
Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe (2017, N) |
Aranjuez (2001, K) |
Ibiza (1999, K / N) |
Way of St. James (1993, K) |
Monte Perdido (1997, K / N) |
Doñana National Park (1994, N) |
Garajonay National Park (1986, N) |
Teide National Park (2007, N) |
Palm grove of Elche (2000, K) |
Serra de Tramuntana (2011, K)
* Expansion of the archaeological sites in Vale do Côa , Portugal;
Cultural heritage: St. Sophia Cathedral and Lavra Pechersk Pechersk Monastery in Kiev (1990) | Historic Center of Lviv (1998) | Struve Arch (2005) | Residence of the Orthodox Metropolitans of Bukovina and Dalmatia (today the central campus of the University in Chernivtsi) (2011) | Ancient city in the Tauride Chersonese and its Chora (2013) | Wooden Churches of the Carpathian Region in Poland and Ukraine (2013)
Natural heritage: ancient beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathians and other regions of Europe (2007)