Barlinek
| Barlinek | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | West Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Myśliborski | ||
| Area : | 17.54 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 0 ′ N , 15 ° 12 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 13,752 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 74-320 | ||
| License plate : | ZMY | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 151 Świdwin ↔ Gorzów Wielkopolski | ||
| Ext. 156 Lipiany ↔ Klesno | |||
| Rail route : | no rail connection | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznań-Ławica | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 20 districts | ||
| Surface: | 258.77 km² | ||
| Residents: | 19,331 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 75 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 3210013 | ||
| Administration (as of 2013) | |||
| Mayor : | Zygmunt Siarkiewicz | ||
| Address: | ul. 28 lutego 16 74-320 Barlinek |
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| Website : | www.barlinek.pl | ||
Barlinek [ bar'ljinɛk ] ( German Berlinchen ) is a small town in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship in the powiat Myśliborski ( Soldin district ). The Gmina Barlinek is an urban and rural municipality , which has its seat in Barlinek.
Geographical location
The place is in the Neumark on the north bank of the Berlinchener See (Nipperwitzsee) in the valley of the river Płonia (Plöne) in a landscape of hills and lakes southeast of the city of Szczecin . The nearest larger city, Gorzów Wielkopolski (Landsberg an der Warthe) , is 30 kilometers further south.
history
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The city's coat of arms is the Brandenburg Red Eagle.
The fact that Berlinchen owes its name to Berlin fishermen, who settled on the Plöne in the 13th century and gave their settlement a name in memory of their old homeland, is probably just a legend without verifiable truth. It has been proven that the miller Heinrich Toyte operated a mill at the narrowest point of the Plön Valley around 1270, which was owned by the Brandenburg margraves Otto and Albrecht. The margraves endeavored to secure the area they had only recently occupied, the Neumark , against their northern competitors, the Pomeranian dukes. This was done, among other things, through a consistent settlement offensive. Since the mill was in the Plön Valley near the Pomeranian border, they commissioned the miller Toyte with the document dated January 25, 1278 with the establishment of the town of "Neu Berlyn". In order to secure the project financially, they gave Toyte a third of all income to the future city. The city was primarily intended as a counterpoint to the Pomeranian Castle Bernstein, located just a few kilometers to the north. This task was soon done, however, because the Brandenburgers conquered amber as early as 1280. In the future, it was only necessary to secure the strategically important Plönenübergang, which is why a stone fortification was built at the beginning of the 14th century. It is not known when the city took the name Berlinchen.
In 1348, Margrave Ludwig awarded the townspeople the right to wood in the Landsberger Heide. This allowed them to obtain timber for free. This right existed until 1859. A great fire in 1499 burned almost the entire city to ashes. In the Thirty Years' War Berlinchen suffered greatly. Located on an important east-west connection, the city was almost permanently occupied by a war party to which it had to pay taxes and by which it was also looted in other ways. In addition there were the plague epidemics of 1626 and 1631, so that at the end of the war only 108 of the former 206 houses were still inhabited. Fires broke out again in 1665 and 1672, causing severe damage and, for example, the church and the town hall.
While the Brandenburg rulers had paid little attention to the further development of Neumark in the last few centuries, the situation turned for the better after the establishment of the Prussian Kingdom in 1701. A new settlement program also brought an increase in residents to Berlinchen and, with the establishment of the cloth making trade, a new livelihood. The introduction of regular weekly markets from 1713 ensured the further consolidation of economic life. Finally, the city also benefited from the drainage program for the Warta and Netzebruch, which Frederick the Great initiated in 1770. The progress can be seen in the growing population. From less than 1000 inhabitants at the beginning of the century, the population grew to 1700 people by 1790.
Berlinchen suffered setbacks from the Seven Years' War , which brought with it a prolonged occupation by Russian troops, and from the Napoleonic wars at the beginning of the 19th century, when the city became a transit station for the French. With the political stabilization after the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Berlinchen was able to recover quickly and soon showed a lively craft activity, for which over 200 masters, mostly from the brewery and clothier trades, took care of. Sericulture was also carried out. Berlinchen began to become a popular resort for middle-class Berlin families and especially high school students. Further progress was made in 1860 by the expansion of the road connection to Landsberg and in 1893 by the opening of the Soldin – Arnswalde railway line.
At the beginning of the 20th century a public water pipe and sewerage system were laid, from 1920 the residents are supplied with gas and electricity. The city had meanwhile developed from an insignificant agricultural town into a regional trade and industrial center and in 1921, with 5896 inhabitants, was the second largest town in the district alongside the district town of Soldin . After Berlinchen was discovered by up-and-coming tourism because of its scenic location, it was soon able to adorn itself with the title “Pearl of the Neumark”. By 1939 the population increased again to 7603.
Until 1945 Berlinchen belonged to the Soldin district in the province of Brandenburg .
Towards the end of the Second World War , the region was occupied by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 . After the war ended, Berlinchen was placed under Polish administration. The city was then renamed Barlinek . The local population was subsequently expelled by the local Polish administration and replaced by Poles.
local community
The localities ( German names until 1945 ) belong to the urban and rural community of Barlinek :
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Town twinning
- Courrières (France)
- Eksjö (Sweden)
- Gryfino (Poland)
- Prenzlau (Germany, Brandenburg)
- Schneverdingen (Germany, Lower Saxony)
Attractions
- Church of the Immaculate Heart of Mary (Gothic)
- city wall
- Town houses
- Catholic Church of St. Boniface (1923 by Wilhelm Fahlbusch )
traffic
Gorzów Wielkopolski ( Landsberg an der Warthe ), the next largest city, is located 30 kilometers south and can be reached via Voivodeship Road 151 ( droga wojewódzka 151 ). You can get to Lipiany ( Lippehne ) or Strzelce Krajeńskie ( Friedeberg Nm. ) Via Voivodship Road 156 .
Since the closure of the railway line from Choszczno ( Arnswalde ) to Głazów ( Glasow ) there is no longer a railway connection.
mayor
- 1828–1856: Karl Friedrich August Bröse
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Johann Gottfried Hempel (1752–1817), German physician, pharmacist and manufacturer
- Bertold Lasker (1860–1928), German chess master, doctor and writer
- Emanuel Lasker (1868–1941), German world chess champion
- Wilhelm Karl Robra (1876–1945), German sculptor
- Otto Müller (1878 – after 1945), German lawyer, President of the Senate at the Reich Court
- Bruno Jablonsky (1892–1978), German aviation pioneer and British entrepreneur
- Paul Michligk (1899–1978), German organization and advertising specialist, expert on the company suggestion scheme
- Gerhard Isbary (1909–1968), German geographer, spatial and regional planner
- Gerd Lobin (1925–2008), German journalist and writer
- Wolf Krötke (* 1938), German Protestant theologian
- Albrecht Graf Matuschka (* 1944), German financial service provider and entrepreneur
- Józef Pilarz (1956–2008), Polish politician and member of the Sejm
- Marcin Matkowski (* 1981), Polish tennis player
Connected to the city
- Johann Eitel von Brandt (~ 1695–1761), Prussian district administrator, lived as district administrator for the Soldin district in Berlinchen
literature
- W. Riehl and J. Scheu (eds.): Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Margraviate Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence . Berlin 1861, pp. 428-429.
Web links
Genealogical information
- Local family book (Online OFB) 'Stadt Berlinchen' , written by Steffan Bruns
- http://wiki-de.genealogy.net/Berlinchen
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ^ Heinrich Gottfried Philipp Gengler : Regesta and documents on the constitutional and legal history of German cities in the Middle Ages , Erlangen 1863, p. 196 .
- ^ Johannes Schmidt: The French Cathedral School and the French Gymnasium in Berlin: Student memories 1848–1861 . Kovac, Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8300-3478-0 .
- ↑ The Genealogical Place Directory
- ↑ http://www.barlinek.pl
Urban and rural communities: Barlinek (Berlinchen) | Dębno (Neudamm) | Myślibórz (Soldin)
Rural communes : Boleszkowice (Fürstenfelde) | Nowogródek Pomorski (Neuchâtel)