Cleveland (England)
Cleveland [ ˈkliːvlənd ] is an area in north east England and was a county from 1974 to 1996 .
The name literally means "cliff-land" and refers to the hilly southern part of Cleveland with elevations of up to 500 m. Cleveland is south of the River Tees ; the largest city is Guisborough .
Between 1974 and 1996 Cleveland was a county formed from parts of the North Riding of Yorkshire and County Durham . The county was not the same as the area known as Cleveland, specifically excluding the southernmost parts of traditional Cleveland, including the Cleveland Hills . Their area was around the confluence of the tea in the North Sea.
1. Hartlepool
2. Stockton-on-Tees
3. Middlesbrough
4. Langbaurgh-on-Tees
The county's four districts were Hartlepool , Langbaurgh-on-Tees , Stockton-on-Tees and Middlesbrough , which was also the administrative center. The county was 583 km². It bordered County Durham to the north; North Yorkshire in the south and the North Sea in the east.
In 1996 the county was dissolved. The Langbaurgh-on-Tees district was renamed Redcar and Cleveland and this and the other districts became unitary authorities (independent city districts). Unlike South Yorkshire , for example , Cleveland was completely dissolved as a county and not preserved as a ceremonial county . Nevertheless, the name is still used today, so there is, for example, the Cleveland Police , Cleveland Fire Brigade or BBC Radio Cleveland .
In the 19th century, Cleveland played a central role in the growth of the iron processing industry. Middlesbrough grew into a large industrial city within a few decades. The mines in the Cleveland Hills were the main suppliers of iron ore , which was used in the blast furnaces at Tees. The port of Middlesbrough remains one of the most important in the UK and the area between Middlesbrough and Redcar is still home to many heavy industry companies .
From a geographical perspective, the area is extremely varied. Around the mouth of the tea, the landscape is characterized by industry and largely urbanized . Large parts of the plains are used for agriculture. The southern part is very hilly.