Egestorff Foundation
The Egestorff Foundation , which has been the Egestorff Foundation for the elderly since 1962, was established by amalgamating two foundations and as a church foundation is assigned to the Bremen Evangelical Church . It is administered by the Diakonia of the St. Petri Cathedral Parish and the Ansgarii Parish . The old people's and nursing home in the Osterholz district of Bremen has been located in partially listed buildings since 1912. The name Egestorff Foundation is also used today for the institution.
history
The mayor of Bremen, Daniel von Büren the Elder , bought an estate with around 75 acres of land in Tenever in 1539 - after his mayor's term was over - in order to relax there in summer. The Meierhof , a so-called Vorwerk , located far from the gates of Bremen , was owned by the von Büren family for several generations. The last male representative, Hermann Daniel von Büren, died in 1755 at the age of 46. Through the marriage of his daughter Almata (1751-1828) with the imperial councilor and resident of Frankfurt am Main and syndic of the parents in Bremen Gerhard Oelrichs (1727-1799), the Teneversche Gut 1775 passed to the merchant and legal family Oelrichs.
In 1892 Johann Heinrich Egestorff (1859–1905) acquired the country estate, which has now grown to 220 acres, from the widow Eduard Julius Oelrichs. In his will, the wealthy bachelor laid the basis for the construction of the Egestorff Foundation for the elderly by appointing the state of Bremen to heir his property. However, on the condition that the assets be used for a charitable foundation: "My property at Tenever, consisting of a manor house, Hofmeierhaus, stables, park, fields and fields, is to become a retirement home for worthy needy old men and women as Egestorff's foundation , in which they live and are fed free of charge or for remuneration until the end of their lives. ”After Egestorff's death on August 1, 1905, this legacy was honored. The foundation was established in 1908.
Foundations are united
An older foundation goes back to the decision of the Bremen citizenship in 1692 to build a home for the poor, the sick and old citizens near today's St. Stephen's Church. The poor house built by council builder Hermann Brüggemann on Grossenstrasse was opened in 1696 (the building was totally destroyed in the Second World War, now the Focke garden is located there ). The diakonia of the inner-city congregations ( Our Lady , St. Martini , St. Stephani and St. Petri Cathedral ) took over the financing and administration . The institution, later run as a retirement home, which had been under its own management since 1779, was moved to a new building in Tenever in 1912.
For the construction of the old people's home on the Egestorff property in Tenever, the Egestorff Foundation from 1908 was merged with the Armenhaus Foundation, which had been in existence since 1692 (later the old people's home foundation ) of the old town communities. Since March 17, 1952, the institution has been officially called Egestorff-Stiftung-Altenheim and is a foundation under private law.
Building history and park
Mansion
Of the historical building stock of the former estate, only the two-storey, late Classicist country house of Büren-Oelrichs has been preserved as a mansion from around 1857. The building with an almost square floor plan has pilasters on each side , which are expressively designed on the front facing the street and form a central resalit with three window axes . These pilasters of the so-called colossal order are a building element of the German Baroque that was popular in Bremen in those decades of the 18th century. The western entrance is also artistically designed with half pilasters on both sides of the door and the inscription “gratae forsan posteritati” in the cornice below the von Bürens coat of arms, hoping for joy and thanks to posterity.
The manor house has been dated to before 1755 on various occasions. The von Bürensche coat of arms at the west entrance of the manor house and the Oelrichs coat of arms above the southern main entrance led to the assumption that the young councilor Hermann Daniel von Büren had started the construction before his death in 1755 and that his later son-in-law Gerhard Oelrichs completed it. On the cadastral map from 1833/34, however, the large manor house was not yet drawn in at this point in time, which made it more likely that it was dated to the middle of the 19th century. This thesis was confirmed when construction work was carried out on the manor house in 1975/76, during which the interior was structurally renewed and only the historical facade was restored. It was found that the building was based on a previous building that had only two window axes. The re-division of the two-axis front into five axes must have been carried out around 1857, as found waste material suggests. The builder was the businessman Eduard Julius Oelrichs (1807-1891).
Other buildings from this period, such as the agricultural buildings located to the west in a separate new courtyard after the reconstruction of the manor house, have not been preserved. Ultimately, the bombing raid on November 26, 1943 also caused considerable damage. A barn burned down and the farm's pigsty was destroyed by a direct hit.
park
Nothing is known about the medieval shape of the 55 hectare farm towards the end of the 19th century - further lands were scattered in Osterholz. The dimensions of the elongated area have been preserved over the centuries and, with their typical width-to-length ratio, come from the time the land was divided during the elder colonization .
The more recent equipment and design of the park occurred in the time of the last von Büren and especially his daughter Almata. Her step-son in law was Simon Henrich Gondela , who was elected to the Bremen Senate in 1792 and who is reported to have been, like his friend Johann Smidt, “after the estate in Tenever in the circle of the councilor Oelrichs, where he attended his social Disposition passed many a happy hour ”. As senators, Smidt and Gondela were responsible for converting the Bremen ramparts into parks (from 1802). It is assumed that Gondela also gave some impetus for the redesign of a part of the park of the Büren-Oelrichs estate in the landscape style. The front part of the park was laid out in the Baroque style, with the basic concept resulting from the structure of the terrain: the geometric system was criss-crossed by a number of smaller and larger ditches that drained it parallel to its length. These watercourses were probably incorporated into a gardening concept at a very early stage, the main motif of which was an avenue of oak and beech trees about 300 m long. It still opens up the area from the old manor house to about the middle of the entire area. In the southernmost part of the property, close to Osterholzer Heerstrasse , there was a pavilion that Gerhard Oelrichs had built in 1785. The pavilion was flanked by a double row of linden trees, of which 18 trees still exist today.
Sculptures
In the vicinity of the pavilion, six sandstone figures once stood in a loose semicircle. They come from the workshop of the famous rococo sculptor Theophilus Wilhelm Frese (1696–1763) from Bremen . The richly ornamented figures spring , summer and autumn, as well as Venus , Minerva ( Athene ) and Mars , carved out of Obernkirchen sandstone are now - after having changed location several times - in the inner courtyard of the old building, the so-called Rosenhof.
On May 26, 1906, Egestorff's executor wrote about these figures to Senator Hildebrand : “On the Egestorff property in front of the house there are some old-fashioned, rococo- style figures, a Venus, a Mars and the like. I am of the opinion that these figures have no interest in the foundation, it is rather to be feared that idle people who are on the estate will seek their pastime in mutilating the figures. "The Bremen Trade Museum was happy to accept the" old-fashioned "sculptures, But the executor's advice was not followed, but the figures from Oelrich's time were included in the design of the park.
Rosenhof there are also a sundial with an ornate pedestal from the 18th century and a former font from the Cathedral of Ernst Gorsemann which serves as a bird fountain. Gorsemann also made 12 putti with seasonal attributes from 1950, they are now in the round oak in front of the Seekamp house .
On the west side of the main house there is a knight figure of Saint Michael made of sheet copper (around 1900), a work by the sculptor Richard Grüttner . The two Heralds, donated by Rudolf Maison in 1901 for the Bremen Town Hall , had stood on Eichenallee since 1959 and returned to their original location in 2007 after being renovated.
Bishop's gate and urn grave
As the entrance gate to the park, Johann David Oelrichs acquired the former bishop's gate with wrought-iron grille designed by Friedrich Moritz Stamm in 1849, which formed the barrier between Bischofsnadel and Rembertivorstadt in the ramparts . It stands in the immediate vicinity of the manor house on Osterholzer Heerstraße and has been the gateway to the Egestorff Foundation since 1912. The lanterns on the side posts were replaced by pine cones from various Bremen town houses. In 1955, part of the facility was moved back to its old location.
The tomb for JH Egestorff stands on the centuries-old oak avenue, which extends from the manor house far into the property. The urn monument in the shape of an aedicle with an urn in the middle dates from 1905 and was designed by the Bremen architects Abbehusen & Blendermann . Egestorff himself determined his form of burial in a will supplement dated February 1, 1899: “Following my will drawn up on March 25, 1896, I hereby determine that I do not wish to be buried but rather cremated. My ashes should be kept on my country estate, in a tomb, as I will either build it during my lifetime or as it is to be built by my executors according to my verbal instructions. "
Main house from 1912
In 1908/1909, the foundation announced a competition for the construction of a new old people's home in Tenever, in which only architects who were born in the state or who lived there were allowed to take part. Nevertheless, the success with 61 works was unusually large. The young architect Werner Heyberger received the first prize on September 5, 1909, for the following reason: “The transverse structures pushed into the large courtyard give an exquisitely worked, practical floor plan a cohesion and intimate character, advantages that are also inherent in the architectural structure to a large extent . As a result of this unity, the entire system could be carried out with just one upper floor. The hidden location of the headmaster's apartment raises some concerns, but on the other hand it is brought back to the center of business operations. “Heyberger realized the building together with Diedrich Luley, one of the winners of the 2nd prize.
The monastery-like building was built in 1909–1912 with the proceeds from the sale of the old people's home on Grossenstrasse and was later expanded. Heyberger planned the building based on the model of the beguinages with an inner courtyard for small gardens and each room should be able to receive sunlight once a day. The utility rooms are on the north side.
Monument protection
Of the buildings from Egestorff's time, only the manor house from 1857 has been preserved.
In 1973 the Egestorff Foundation was placed under the protection of historical monuments in Bremen . (See the list of cultural monuments in Osterholz ). The manor park, the sculptures and sculptures, the baptismal font, the sundial, the stone bench, the tomb of JH Egestorff and the bishop's gate as well as the old people's home and the mansion from the old people's home are also under monument protection.
Egestorff Foundation retirement home
In 1912, around 100 men and women from the former old people's home could move into the main house. The offer for older people has been continuously expanded since the 1960s, from a self-determined way of life to intensive care units. Today around 400 people live in the various departments of the foundation.
After the flood disaster in 1962 , senior citizens' apartments with 159 places were built on the site. In 1976, the old people's home in the manor house was renovated with funds from a foundation.
literature
- Gerda Engelbracht: Osterholz 1860–1945. A photographic foray . Edition Temmen , Bremen 2001, ISBN 3-86108-666-2 , p. 18-19 .
- Kurt Lammek (edit.): Architectural monuments in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen 3.7 - Osterholz district . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Bremen (= Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Atelier in the farmhouse, Fischerhude 1982, ISBN 3-88132-181-0 , p. 35-39, 81-83 .
- Berthold Lindemann : Osterholz 1181–1981. Memorandum on the occasion of a church planting 800 years ago . Sturm Druck, Bremen 1981, p. 125-135 .
- Berthold Lindemann: The Egestorff Foundation. On the history of Christian social work in Bremen . Hauschild Verlag , Bremen 1970.
- Rudolf Stein : Classicism and Romanticism in the architecture of Bremen. Hauschild Verlag , Bremen 1964.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b The Egestorff Foundation. St. Petri Domgemeinde, accessed on November 28, 2011 .
- ^ Monument database of the LfD
- ↑ a b Berthold Lindemann: Osterholz 1181–1981 . Ed .: Sturm Druck. S. 125-135 .
- ^ Gerda Engelbracht: Osterholz 1860–1945 . Ed .: Edition Temmen. S. 18-19 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Berthold Lindemann: The Egestorff Foundation . Ed .: HM Hauschild. S. 169-197 .
- ↑ a b c d e Kurt Lammek: Architectural monuments in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen 3.7 .
- ^ Monument database of the LfD
- ↑ State Office for Monument Preservation Bremen: Egestorff Foundation, Landgut von Bueren, Landgut Oelrichs . Monument number: 0970, T , accessed November 28, 2011
- ^ Herbert Black Forest: The large Bremen Lexicon. Volume A-Z . Ed .: Edition Temmen. S. 219-220 .
Coordinates: 53 ° 3 ′ 45 ″ N , 8 ° 57 ′ 28 ″ E