Hohenbusch House
Haus Hohenbusch (lat. In alto busco , Hohenbusch, or Conventus Altinenmoris , Hohenbusch monastery) is a former monastery of the Order of the Cross (Ordo sanctae crucis - OSC) southwest of the city of Erkelenz ( Heinsberg district ).
location
Haus Hohenbusch is located on the road between Matzerath and Hetzerath . The A 46 motorway runs north of the facility . A high wall surrounds Haus Hohenbusch with its buildings, former gardens, meadows and orchards. The former monastery is now owned by the city of Erkelenz. A development association looks after the facility. A permanent exhibition on the history of the house was set up on the upper floor of the manor house with the support of the Rhineland Regional Association.
Neighboring Kreuzherrenkloster were in Aachen , Brüggen , Dülken , Düsseldorf , Cologne , Maaseik ( NL ), Maastricht (NL), Roermond (NL), Schwarzenbroich Abbey near Gürzenich (Düren) , Venlo (NL), Wegberg and Wickrath .
history
In 1147 the Ministerial Rudolphus and his wife Emertrudis donated the Allod Hoenbusc to the Marienstift Aachen . In 1226, Emperor Friederich II confirmed his ownership of Hoimbuch to the monastery . In 1302 the Order of the Holy Cross founds a monastery in Hohenbusch. The clerics of the order were later called Lords of the Cross. In 1305 the dean and the chapter of the Aachener Stift transferred to the Order Hohenbusch against payment of an annual interest of 4 Aachener guilders . In 1560 eight priests and eight lay people lived in the monastery.
In 1634 the Bishop of Roermond consecrated a new church, which was built parallel to the manor house. In 1677 a novitiate was established. In 1707 the order built the so-called central building in the courtyard and in 1716 the west wing was built. In 1720 the monastery completed the south wing.
In 1795, the main book of the monastery lists as monastery property: 12 acres near Lövenich , 252 acres near Matzerath, 580 acres near Doveren, the Hetzerather Hof with 60 acres, 207 acres near Baal , 140 acres of forest near Hetzerath , a mill in Doveren , the tithe von Matzerath (480 acres) and von Beeck (220 acres). In 1798 13 religious lived in the monastery.
On August 8, 1802, the secularization of the French led to the abolition of the monastery. At that time there were still nine religious there, including the last prior Conrad Ohoven. The church and two wings of the monastery buildings were demolished.
Between 1802 and 1983 the former monastery was used as an agricultural property. Now the name "Haus Hohenbusch" came up. In 1983 the city of Erkelenz bought the Hohenbusch house and the associated farmland with approx. 70 hectares of farmland. In 1990 the State Culture Days were organized by North Rhine-Westphalia. At the same time, the former monastery was presented to the general public for the first time.
Library
The monastery had a large library with manuscripts and early prints from the 14th and 15th centuries. The manuscripts were made in the monastery in writing rooms on parchment itself. The names of some of the writers are known.
Most of the collection was lost in the turmoil after secularization. However, some books have been preserved and are in the Archbishop's Diocesan and Cathedral Library in Cologne .
Remaining monastery inventory
After the abolition, the inventory was sold, given away and "squandered" (the current location of some objects is known): the organ , the pulpit and the choir stalls are now in the Linnich Reformed Church , the confessional is in the church of Gerderath , the statue of Saint Odilia in Wockerath and the Madonna in Golkrath .
building
The following monastery buildings are still preserved today. In the so-called manor house, a long two-storey residential building, there is still a richly decorated stucco ceiling and a fireplace in stucco marble (both in one room).
- The farm buildings
- The south wing, a large barn , also called a tithe barn .
- The west wing with the courtyard gate, the upper floor is called the Priorensaal today.
- The east wing is right next to the manor house, but is no longer completely preserved.
- An elongated building in the courtyard (central building), today called the lay brother house.
In the meantime the foundations of the demolished monastery church have also been located.
3 chronograms are set into the walls of the building. On the north side of the central block: I N TE C ONF ID O, NON ER U BES C A M . This gives the year 1707. Translated: I trust in you, I will not blush. The chronogram is shown as a photo opposite.
The following chronogram is also shown here as a photo. On the south side of the central block: I N C R UC E F id A M . This gives the year 1707. Translated: I want to trust in the cross.
In the gable of the south wing: CU STO DI ILL A M Q UI A I PSA EST VI TA. This gives the year 1720. Translated: Guard it, because it is life.
Todays use
The riding and driving club Erkelenz uses the tithe barn as a riding stable. A "riding room" with a view of the barn is used for gastronomic purposes. In the neighboring west wing there are some horse stables on the ground floor. The large meadow behind the manor house and the east wing serves as a riding and tournament area.
The west wing has renovated rooms on the upper floor, the prior room, which are used for private celebrations, cultural events and for exhibition purposes.
The rooms of the lay brother house in the courtyard also serve as event rooms . In the manor house , "Museum cells" (since 2009) provide information about the history of the monastery. The east wing was rebuilt by the members of the development association and since July 2006 has housed a small café with a view of the riding arena.
Regular events are: Electrisize , an open-air festival for electronic music, art exhibitions , farmers' market in autumn, summer holiday games by the Erkelenz Youth Welfare Office, riding and jumping tournaments, breeding and foal shows, coach meetings and various concerts .
An e-bike charging station that can be used free of charge is located opposite the café.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ralf Georg Czapla : Reuchlin in the Kreuzherrenkloster? On the handwritten tradition of the "Vocabularius breviloquus" in the age of its mechanical reproducibility. New knowledge about Codices 1004 and 1007 of the Cologne Diocesan and Cathedral Library. In: Heinz Finger (ed.): Medieval manuscripts from the Cologne Cathedral Library. Third symposium of the Cologne Diocesan and Cathedral Library on the cathedral manuscripts (November 28 to 29, 2008). Cologne: Archbishop's Diocesan and Cathedral Library, 2010 (Libelli Rhenani. Writings of the Archbishop's Diocesan and Cathedral Library on Rhenish Church and State History and Book and Library History, 34), pp. 57–73.
literature
- Hugo Aretz: The Lords of the Cross of Hohenbusch . Erkelenz: Heimatverein der Erkelenzer Lande, 1982 and 1990 (publications of the Heimatverein der Erkelenzer Lande, 2).
- Kurt Lehmkuhl u. a .: Hohenbusch. Over the centuries (= City of Erkelenz [Hrsg.]: Series of publications of the City of Erkelenz . Volume 12 ). Rheinland Verlag, Cologne 2002, ISBN 3-7927-1859-6 .
- Frank Körfer: Hohenbuscher monstrances from war and times of need; Owned by the parish of St. Dionysius Doveren. In: Heimatkalender des Kreis Heinsberg 2012, pp. 89–92.
- Ralf Georg Czapla / Harald Horst / Franca Victoria Schankweiler: Hohenbusch and the Order of the Cross. A research bibliography . In: Ralf Georg Czapla / Harald Horst (ed.): Knowledge transfer between handwriting and cradle print. Studies on the library of the Hohenbusch Kreuzherrenkloster . Erkelenz: Heimatverein der Erkelenzer Lande, 2013 (writings of the Heimatverein der Erkelenzer Lande, 27, ISBN 978-3-9815182-4-5 ), pp. 173-182.
- City of Erkelenz (Ed.): House Hohenbusch; Monastery property at the gates of the city . Nicole Stoffels / Frank Körfer 2015/2016.
- Frank Körfer: Historical building findings in the former Kreuzherrenkloster "Haus Hohenbusch" . In: Preservation of monuments in the Rhineland . 34, year, no. 4 , 2017, ISSN 0177-2619 , p. 174 ff .
- Frank Korfer; Christ in the wine press, a relief from the possession of the Lords of the Cross von Hohenbusch? (2020); published in Kreis Heinsberg (Hrsg.), home calendar of the Heinsberg district
- Habitat Hohenbusch, ed. from Förderverein Hohenbusch eV and the city of Erkelenz, Cologne: Verlag Dohr 2020, ISBN 978-3-936655-15-5 .
Web links
- Haus Hohenbusch on www.erkelenz.de
- Website of the Order of the Cross (English)
Coordinates: 51 ° 4 ′ 4 ″ N , 6 ° 16 ′ 40 ″ E