Chamber tube

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Chamber tube
Coat of arms from Kammersrohr
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of SolothurnCanton of Solothurn Solothurn (SO)
District : Liversw
BFS no. : 2549i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 4535
Coordinates : 611712  /  233645 coordinates: 47 ° 15 '13 "  N , 7 ° 35' 36"  O ; CH1903:  611712  /  233645
Height : 600  m above sea level M.
Height range : 493–760 m above sea level M.
Area : 0.95  km²
Residents: 28 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 29 inhabitants per km²
Entrance from Kammersrohr

Entrance from Kammersrohr
Location of the municipality
Bellacher Weiher Kanton Bern Kanton Bern Kanton Bern Kanton Jura Bezirk Bucheggberg Bezirk Solothurn Bezirk Thal Bezirk Wasseramt Balm bei Günsberg Bellach Bettlach SO Feldbrunnen-St. Niklaus Flumenthal Grenchen Günsberg Hubersdorf Kammersrohr Langendorf SO Lommiswil Oberdorf SO Riedholz SO Rüttenen SelzachMap of the chamber tube
About this picture
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Kammersrohr (in the local dialect Chammersrohr ) is a municipality in the district of Lebern in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland . The village, located on the southern slopes of the Jura , with 29 inhabitants and 0.94 square kilometers, is the smallest municipality in the canton, both in terms of area and population. As early as the Neolithic Age , people were in the Kammersrohr area, as evidence from this period shows. The first documentary mention dates back to the year 1374 and in 1840 the village was recognized as an independent municipality. The most striking building in the scattered settlement is under monument protection standing mansion .

geography

Chamber pipe is 600  m above sea level. M. , about 6.5 kilometers as the crow flies northeast of the canton capital Solothurn . The community, which consists of individual courtyards, extends in a panoramic location on the southern slope of the foremost Jura chain, in the Unterleberberg region around 170 meters above the level of the Solothurn Mittelland .

The area of ​​the municipality, which is only 0.94 square kilometers in size, comprises a small section of the southern slopes of the Jura. The western border runs along the Teuffelenbach and the Mettlenbach , which drain the area to the Siggern , a left bank of the Aare . To the northeast, the municipality extends to the southern slope of the Weissenstein chain and reaches in the forest below the Reckenacker with 755  m above sea level. M. the highest elevation of the chamber tube. In 2011, 2.1% of the municipal area was accounted for by settlements, 39.4% by forests and woodlands and 58.5% by agriculture.

Solothurn neighboring communities of Kammersrohr are Hubersdorf in the south and Günsberg in the west and north. In the east, the municipality of Attiswil , which belongs to the canton of Bern, borders Kammersrohr.

population

With 28 inhabitants (December 31, 2018) , Kammersrohr is the smallest municipality in the canton of Solothurn in terms of population. As of 2000, 95.0% of the residents were German-speaking. One person spoke English and one spoke Polish (2.5% each). The population of Kammersrohr was 68 inhabitants in 1850 and 51 in 1900. In the course of the 20th century, the population fluctuated between 35 (lowest level according to the 1941 survey) and 53 inhabitants (highest level, 1990). Kammersrohr has only limited opportunities for growth, as the municipality located in the Jura protection zone has practically no building land. Despite its small population, Kammersrohr has 958 local residents, none of whom are resident in the municipality (as of 2010).

education

Kammersrohr does not have its own school, so the kindergarten and primary school in the neighboring community of Günsberg are attended. In the area of secondary level I , the community belongs to the Zweckverband Kreisschule Unterleberberg , which operates an upper level in Hubersdorf. According to the federal census of 2000, the highest level of education of 30 residents aged 15 and over was : four people had a university degree , three a higher technical school , four a higher technical and professional education ( tertiary level ), one person the Matura and twelve one Apprenticeship ( upper secondary level ). Five people had only attended compulsory school and one had no qualifications.

Religions

As of the 2000 census, 14 of 39 residents belonged to the Evangelical Reformed Church and 18 to the Roman Catholic Church , while seven residents were non-denominational. Other churches and religious communities were not represented. Kammersrohr belongs to the Roman Catholic parish of St. Pantaleon Günsberg and to the Evangelical Reformed parish of Solothurn.

politics

Strength of the parties in the National Council elections in Kammersrohr
Political party 2015 2011 2007 2003 1999
FDP 52.6% 56% 32.03% 38.5% 30.4%
CVP 25.3% 14.3% 41.18% 35.2% 43.5%
SVP 13.7% 09.7% 09.8% 15.4% 13.0%
GPS 01.1% 06.3% 09.15% 05.5% 04.3%
SP 01.1% 0.6% 03.92% 05.5% 02.5%
EPP - - 03.92% - -
GLP a - 02.3% - - -
BDP b 06.3% 0.6% - - -
Rest - 10.3% - - 06.2%
a The party has existed in the canton of Solothurn since 2008.
b The party has existed in the canton of Solothurn since 2009.

In the 2011 National Council elections , the FDP received. The Liberals in Kammersrohr 56% of the votes cast. The second strongest party was the Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP) with 14.3% of the vote. 10.3% went to “others” ( not detailed at the Federal Statistical Office ). This was followed by the Swiss People's Party (SVP) with 9.7%, the Greens with 6.3% and the Green Liberal Party (GLP) with 2.3% as well as the Social Democratic Party and the Civic Democratic Party (BDP) with 0 each, 6%. The turnout was 61.9%.

In the 2015 National Council elections , the FDP received 52.6% of the votes cast, while the other parties saw major changes: the CVP, which is still the second strongest party, received 25.3% of the votes, the SVP 13.7% and the BDP 6 , 3% and SP and Greens each 1.1%. No votes were cast on any other party, in particular not on “Others”. The turnout was 45.7% (16 voters out of 35 eligible voters).

The municipal council , the executive branch of Kammersrohr, consists of three members. The legislature of the municipality is the municipal assembly . After the sudden death of longtime mayor Terry Spillmann on 22 December 2015, new mayor or a town president should be elected on 5 June 2016th However, since only one candidate, the farmer Ueli Emch, had registered for the office, the ballot was canceled and Emch was declared mayor in a silent election at the end of April 2016 .

Economy and Transport

Kammersrohr is still a predominantly agricultural village. The farming and fruit growing and cattle breeding still have an important place in the economic structure of the population. Outside the primary sector there are no jobs in the village. Kammersrohr has neither shops nor its own post office. Some workers are commuters who work mainly in the Solothurn region. Together with the community of Feldbrunnen-St. Niklaus Kammersrohr has the lowest tax rate in the canton of Solothurn at 60% (as of 2011).

The water supply is operated by the municipality of Kammersrohr itself, while the power supply is provided by AEK Energie .

The community is located away from the major thoroughfares; the main entrance runs from Hubersdorf . In Hubersdorf, the Siggern bus stop on the line from Solothurn to Balm bei Günsberg is also the closest connection to local public transport. Kammersrohr can be reached on foot in about 30 minutes from this stop.

history

Field in Kammersrohr with a view of the Bernese Alps

Neolithic finds (broken pieces, charcoal) made in the 1950s testify that people were already in the Kammersrohr area in prehistoric times. Two sherds were assigned to the Bronze Age . Finds from Roman times or the early Middle Ages have not yet been made in Kammersrohr.

In the Middle Ages , Kammersrohr was a Steckhof , i.e. a farm that did not belong to any municipality, and was under the rule of Balm of the von Balm family from around 1050 . After Rudolf II of Balm. At the assassination of King in 1308 Albrecht I was involved was in 1309 against him imperial ban imposed and confiscated the entire rule. The rule of Balm and thus Kammersrohr then came as an imperial fiefdom to Otto von Strassberg . The first documented mention of today's Kammersrohr was in 1374 as ze Rore . Other mentions were Ror , Rore or Hof ze Ror . After various changes of ownership, the settlement came to the city of Solothurn in 1414 , which had already acquired the neighboring lordships of Bipp , Erlinsburg and Wiedlisbach in 1411 .

The city had already had high jurisdiction over Kammersrohr since 1344. The Rore farm was given to the citizens of Solothurn as a fief several times . In 1428 a legal dispute arose between a Heini Kammer von Rore and the Solothurn citizen Jakob von Wengen , as a result of which Kammer, who owned half the farm as inherited from those von Wengen, lost his teachings because he had lent the farm on to others without permission. The current municipality name is derived from the Kammer family, but can only be proven in documents from the 16th century. The name researcher Rolf Max Kully raises the possibility for discussion in Solothurn place names that the name of the Kammer family could be equated with the family name Kamber, which is common in the canton of Solothurn, and could be derived from the Chambenflüe rock above Kammersrohr on Günsberger Boden . On the other hand, according to Kully, the Chambenflüe could also be understood as a comb (b) erflühe .

Middle Mattenhof in the 18th century, copy of a vedute, approx. 1800–1830

In the 15th century, the village was under the Bailiwick of Balm, from 1487 it was part of the Bailiwick of Flumenthal . Around the border between Kammersrohr and Attiswil in Bern, or the Bipp office, there were always uncertainties and disputes. The boundary stones that have survived are evidence of the last major border clearing in 1762. After the collapse of the Ancien Régime (1798), Kammersrohr belonged to the Solothurn administrative district during the Helvetic and from 1803 to the Lebern district.

In the first half of the 19th century it remained unclear whether the village of Kammersrohr should be considered a municipality. From the mediation time , on the one hand, there is a decision of the Solothurn Small Council , in which the municipality of Kammersrohr is spoken of, and on the other hand, it stated in another decision that Kammersrohr is not an actual municipality. In his description of the canton of Solothurn in 1836, Urs Peter Strohmeier treated Kammersrohr together with Hubersdorf unter Flumenthal. During this time, several people were granted the citizenship of Kammersrohr by the council . After a further naturalization application was discussed in 1839 as to whether Kammersrohr could accept citizens, the relationships between Hubersdorf and Kammersrohr were finally clarified and Kammersrohr was expressly recognized as an independent municipality in 1840. As a result, there were numerous naturalizations in Kammersrohr, since those wishing to be naturalized were able to obtain cantonal citizenship in Solothurn at relatively low cost. Since the city of Solothurn demanded significantly lower fees for naturalization of canton citizens than for foreigners, the acquisition of the coveted citizenship of the city of Solothurn was significantly cheaper. As late as 1904, the Geographical Lexicon of Switzerland wrote : "Here, because of the cheap fees, foreigners often naturalize themselves".

On 1 January 1901 should be decided by the Solothurn cantonal parliament chamber tube according Hubersdorf incorporated neither the will, as citizens nor the municipality Kammersrohr were more able to order lawful community committees. Against this decision, the community of Hubersdorf jointly filed a constitutional complaint with the federal court , which was "mainly directed against the possible negative consequences for the community of Hubersdorf with regard to the maintenance of the poor". The Federal Supreme Court approved the appeal and overturned the decision of the Cantonal Council, since an association without the consent of the municipalities involved would not be compatible with Article 53 of the Constitution of the Canton of Solothurn of 1887, according to which municipalities could only be changed at the request of those involved.

Since the merger of the community and the residents' community in 1995, Kammersrohr has been the first unified community in the canton of Solothurn.

At the end of April 2015, the Kammersrohr municipal council announced that it would merge with Hubersdorf , Günsberg or the not directly neighboring municipality of Feldbrunnen-St. Niklaus is striving because there is a lack of interested parties who could make themselves available for the local council in the future. From the inquiry chamber tube, which provided a very busy schedule for the clarification of the merger project, showed the mayor of the three potential fusion partner surprised. At the municipal assembly on June 22, 2015, the municipal council was mandated to start merger negotiations with Feldbrunnen, Günsberg and Hubersdorf. In September 2015, these negotiations were temporarily broken off, as a vote with a selection from three municipalities is not provided for by law. Mayor Spillmann stated that the merger project was not off the table, but had moved into the background.

Attractions

Mittlerer Mattenhof, view towards Niederwil and Günsberg

A distinctive courtyard is the Mittlere Mattenhof with its protected mansion. The naming of the three Mattenhöfe in Kammersrohr goes back to the purchase of the courts by Urs Zurmatten in 1576, after which they were initially known as Zurmattenhöfe . Zurmatten had the existing building known as the Lusthaus converted. He also built a chapel dedicated to St. Servatius , which was demolished around 1860 in a neglected state. The later owners of the Settier family carried out further modifications to the manor house. Since the Mattenhöfe originally only consisted of the front and the rear Mattenhof and the current rear Mattenhof was later separated, the middle one is still known as the rear Mattenhof . The residential building has a staircase construction that is unique in the canton of Solothurn. A large hall on the second floor stretches across the entire width of the house. The gable facade is characterized by large window openings and Gothic profiles.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of Kammersrohr was determined by a resolution of the municipal assembly on January 26, 1941. The blazon reads: In white on a green three-mountain, two green reeds, each with two leaves and black cobs, raised by a six-pointed red star. It is derived from a seal from 1819 in which the same figures can be found without any color information. On fire buckets from 1843 the coat of arms can be found in a version without a star.

literature

  • Charles Studer: The Story of Kammersrohr . Resident community Kammersrohr, Kammersrohr 1981.
  • Edgar Schlatter: Canton of Solothurn . In: The community center in Switzerland . tape 21 . Orell Füssli, Zurich 1929, p. LVI (section of the Zurmatten residential building in Kammersrohr ).

Web links

Commons : Kammersrohr  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  2. ^ Federal Statistical Office: Statistics Switzerland, regional portraits: municipalities. Data and explanations . Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 18, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfs.admin.ch
  3. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office: Resident population by type of residence, region, main language and nationality, 2000 . In: STAT-TAB: The interactive statistics database . Accessed on July 31, 2011.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch  
  5. ↑ a b Resident population in the municipalities 1850–2000 (PDF; 264 kB) In: Swiss Federal Population Census 2000 . Canton of Solothurn. Archived from the original on January 20, 2015. Retrieved August 1, 2011.
  6. ↑ a b c Martin Kaiser: From tax hell to tax paradise . In: Solothurner Tagblatt . Bern newspaper. September 9, 2009. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
  7. ↑ Chamber tube . In: Solothurn Yearbook . State calendar. Vogt-Schild, Solothurn 2010, p. 153 .
  8. ↑ a b c d Urs Zurschmiede: Kammersrohr. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  9. ↑ Joint School Unterleberberg , accessed on May 6, 2016.
  10. ↑ Kammersrohr: Working life and training ( XLS , 132 kB ) Federal Statistical Office . 2000. Archived from the original on February 2, 2014. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 31, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfs.admin.ch
  11. ↑ Economic resident population by cantons, districts and communities, by religious affiliation (PDF; 115 kB) In: Eidg. Volkszählung 2000 . Canton of Solothurn. S. 5. Accessed on June 2, 2011.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.so.ch  
  12. ↑ Address details of the parish of Günsberg . In: Parish on the Web . Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 2, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pfarreiimweb.ch
  13. ↑ Parish regulations of the evangelical-reformed parish of Solothurn (PDF; 109 kB) Archived from the original on May 6, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 6, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.solothurnref.ch
  14. ↑ Elections: detailed data, overview . Federal Statistical Office . August 3, 2012. Archived from the original on September 25, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 19, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfs.admin.ch
  15. ↑ National Council elections 2011: strength of the parties, voter turnout and fictitious voters, by municipalities ( XLS , 1986 kB ) Federal Statistical Office . 2011. Archived from the original on September 29, 2013. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 19, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfs.admin.ch
  16. ↑ National Council elections 2015: Strength of the parties and voter participation by municipalities ( XLS , 1013 kB ) Federal Statistical Office . 2015. Archived from the original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved on May 7, 2016.
  17. ^ Obituaries: Terry Spillmann-Eberhardt . In: Gedenkzeit.ch . Retrieved January 27, 2016.
  18. ↑ rm: In Kammersrohr, the substitutes now come to the train . In: Solothurner Zeitung . January 27, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
  19. ↑ Urs Byland: Ueli Emch is Kammersrohr's new mayor . In: Solothurner Zeitung . April 25, 2016. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
  20. ↑ Stefan Frech: The tax levers keep shrinking . In: Solothurner Zeitung . May 16, 2011, p. 27 .
  21. ↑ AEK Energie: The supply area at a glance . Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 1, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aek.ch
  22. ^ A b Ernst Müller: Prehistoric-archaeological statistics of the Canton of Solothurn; 31st episode (1957) . In: Yearbook for Solothurn History . tape 31 , 1958, pp. 252-253 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-324096 .
  23. ^ Rolf Max Kully: Solothurn place names . The names of the cantons, districts and municipalities. Printed matter management / Lehrmittelverlag Kanton Solothurn, Solothurn 2003, ISBN 3-905470-17-9 , p. 401 (Solothurn name book; 1).
  24. ↑ a b c d Charles Studer: The story of Kammersrohr . Residential community Kammersrohr, Kammersrohr 1981, p. 9 .
  25. ^ Franziska Hälg-Steffen: Balm, from. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  26. ^ Charles Studer: The story of Kammersrohr . Residential community Kammersrohr, Kammersrohr 1981, p. 10-11 .
  27. ^ Charles Studer: The story of Kammersrohr . Residential community Kammersrohr, Kammersrohr 1981, p. 17-18 .
  28. ^ Rolf Max Kully: Solothurn place names . The names of the cantons, districts and municipalities. Printed matter management / Lehrmittelverlag Kanton Solothurn, Solothurn 2003, ISBN 3-905470-17-9 , p. 403 (Solothurn name book; 1).
  29. ^ Charles Studer: The story of Kammersrohr . Residential community Kammersrohr, Kammersrohr 1981, p. 15 .
  30. ^ Charles Studer: The story of Kammersrohr . Residential community Kammersrohr, Kammersrohr 1981, p. 31-32 .
  31. ^ Charles Studer: The story of Kammersrohr . Residential community Kammersrohr, Kammersrohr 1981, p. 42 .
  32. ^ Charles Knapp, Maurice Borel, Victor Attinger, Heinrich Brunner, Société neuchâteloise de geographie (editor): Geographical Lexicon of Switzerland . Volume 2: Emmenholz - Kraialppass . Verlag Gebrüder Attinger, Neuenburg 1904, p. 720, keyword Kammersrohr   ( scan of the lexicon page ).
  33. ↑ a b Federal Court: BGE 27 I 324 (PDF; 400 kB) Retrieved on August 3, 2011.
  34. ^ Charles Studer: The story of Kammersrohr . Residential community Kammersrohr, Kammersrohr 1981, p. 38-42 .
  35. ↑ Rahel Meier: "We are a delightful bride" . In: Solothurner Zeitung . April 30, 2015, p. 33 .
  36. ↑ Christof Ramser: "Financially it would be an enrichment" . In: Solothurner Zeitung . May 2, 2015, p. 33 .
  37. ↑ Rahel Meier: Kammersrohr municipal council may start merger negotiations . In: Solothurner Zeitung . June 23, 2015. Accessed July 26, 2015.
  38. ↑ Urs Byland: Fusion project is canceled . In: Solothurner Zeitung . September 9, 2015, p. 25 .
  39. ↑ Karl Odilo Bläsi: The Mattenhof to Kammersrohr . In: Yearbook for Solothurn History . tape 32 , 1959, pp. 183-191 , doi : 10.5169 / seals-324139 .
  40. ↑ Government Council of the Canton of Solothurn: Government Council Resolution No. 2004/1247: Kammersrohr: Change of zone plan "Mittlerer Mattenhof" / approval (PDF; 49 kB) June 21, 2004. Accessed on June 2, 2011.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.appl.so.ch  
  41. ^ Charles Studer: The story of Kammersrohr . Residential community Kammersrohr, Kammersrohr 1981, p. 20-21 .
  42. ^ Edgar Schlatter: Canton of Solothurn . In: The community center in Switzerland . tape 21 . Orell Füssli, Zurich 1929, p. LVI (section of the Zurmatten residential building in Kammersrohr ).
  43. ^ A b Joseph Melchior Galliker: The municipal coat of arms of the canton of Solothurn . In: Swiss coats of arms and flags . Issue 7. Swiss Coat of Arms and Flags Foundation, Zug 2004, ISBN 3-908063-07-8 , p. 28 .
This article was added to the list of articles worth reading on August 13, 2011 in this version .