Louis Kugelmann

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Louis Kugelmann 1868. Photographer Friedrich Karl Wunder , Hanover
Gertrud Kugelmann, his wife. Photographer Julius Giere , Hanover

Louis Kugelmann (also: Ludwig Kugelmann ; born February 19, 1828 in Lemförde , † January 9, 1902 in Hanover ) was a German doctor ( gynecologist ) and social democrat .

Life

Louis Kugelmann comes from a Jewish family in Lemförde , he has worked as an accountant and correspondent in Cologne since 1845 and also did his own studies. In 1848 he took part in the March Revolution in Düsseldorf . Kugelmann belonged to the Düsseldorf “Volksklub”, which published its “address to the democratic associations in Germany” and its program and statutes in the Neue Rheinische Zeitung and in the “Zeitung des Arbeiter-Verein zu Köln”.

On March 19, 1850, he received the Abitur at the "paritarian" high school in Lingen. On April 23, 1850, he enrolled at the medical faculty of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Bonn . Here he heard 17 lectures from Johannes Overbeck , Karl Gustav Bischof , Julius Plücker , Dietrich Brandis , Franz Hermann Troschel , Friedrich Wilhelm Böcker , Karl Otto Weber , Hermann Schaaffhausen . Julius Budge et al. a. On August 8, 1851, he received his certificate of departure.

From the winter semester of 1851/52 to February 1854 he studied at the Georg-August University in Göttingen . His most important teacher was Caspar von Siebold , with whom he was on friendly terms until the end of his life. Kugelmann attended lectures by Conrad Heinrich Fuchs , Jakob Henle , Rudolf Wagner , Wilhelm Baum , Johann Heinrich Christoph Trefurt , Johann Wilhelm Heinrich Conradi , Karl Friedrich Heinrich Marx , Heinrich Adolf Schrader and others. a. On February 25, 1854, Kugelmann defended his dissertation theses.

In Göttingen he joined the Communist League , which is why he came under political scrutiny. Kugelmann was married to Gertrud Oppenheim since 1857 (born January 27, 1839 in Bonn , † 1920 in Wiesbaden ). He had a daughter Franziska Kugelmann (born October 9, 1858 in Hanover , † August 31, 1939 in Wiesbaden).

After receiving his doctorate in 1854, Kugelmann settled in Hanover as a doctor and gynecologist. In the field of gynecology, he was innovative through inventions, publications and lectures. His work as a factory doctor at the mechanical weaving mill in Linden near Hanover and in other Hanover factories he had to stop due to the intervention of the Hanover General Police Director Karl Wermuth (1804-1867), who stamped Kugelmann as "Democrats".

The Kugelmann family had a close friendship with Bertha Markheim . From 1862 to 1883 he and his wife Gertrud exchanged letters with Karl Marx , with whom they met several times and who also visited them in Hanover. The address book of the royal capital and residence city of Hanover recorded the residence including the practice of Kugelmann for the year 1867 at Große Wallstraße 3, I , later renamed Georgswall .

Even Friedrich Engels visited Louis Kugelmann early August 1867. Ball man sat down and for the dissemination of Marx's major work Das Kapital (published by Otto Meissner in Hamburg in 1867) a. Kugelmann was a member of the First International and later the SPD ; at the SPD party congress in Hanover in 1899, he received prominent visits from party leaders August Bebel , Karl Liebknecht , Paul Singer and Karl Kautsky . His estate was handed over to the SPD archive in 1902 . Most of Karl Marx's letters to Louis Kugelmann were published in the journal Die Neue Zeit in 1902.

Louis Kugelmann's grave is in the Jewish cemetery An der Strangriede in Hanover.

Works

  • Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis : Open letter to all professors of obstetrics . Universitäts-Buchdruckerei, Ofen 1862, pp. III – VI (Kugelmann to Semmelweis July 18, 1861 and August 10, 1861.)
  • Rudolf Virchow : Communication of one of Dr. Kugelmann submitted medical history . In: Monthly for obstetrics and women's diseases . August Hirschfeld, Berlin 1861, pp. 328–334
  • Gynecological information , especially on chronic oophoritis and neuroses , caused by diseases of the female sexual organs . In: German Clinic. Newspaper for observations from German clinics and hospitals . Berlin 1865, No. 14-18
  • Treatment of acute exanthema by continuous ventilation. German clinic. Newspaper for observations from German clinics and hospitals. Berlin No. 17 of April 24, 1869, pp. 156–157
  • The treatment of acute exanthema (measles, scarlet fever, peeling) by continuous ventilation . Schmorl & von Seefeld, Hanover 1873
  • How is mortality in scarlet fever, measles, and in the puerperium to be reduced to a minimum? Lecture given at the Association for Public Health Care in Hanover on May 25 and October 12, 1875 . Schmorl & von Seefeld, Hanover 1876

literature

  • Antiquarian book catalog, containing the library of the former Dr. Louis Kugelmann . Hanover 1902
  • Letters from Karl Marx to Dr. L. Kugelmann . The new time . Wochenschrift der deutschen Sozialdemokratie. 1901-1902, 2nd vol. (1902), issue 1, pp. 26–32; Volume 2, pp. 60-64; Volume 3, pp. 91-96; No. 4, pp. 125-128; No. 6, pp. 188-192; No. 7, pp. 221-224; Issue 12, pp. 381-384; Issue 13, pp. 412-416; Issue 15, pp. 472-480; Issue 17, pp. 541-544; Issue 19, pp. 604-608; and Issue 25, pp. 797-800
  • Karl Marx: Letters to Kugelmann (from the years 1862 to 1874) with an introduction by N. Lenin . Unite. Boarding school Verl.-Anst., Berlin 1927 (Elementary Books of Communism 4)
  • Karl Marx: Letters to Kugelmann (from the years 1862 to 1874) with an introduction by N. Lenin . Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1948 ff.
  • Georg Mende: The letters from Karl Marx to the doctor Dr. Ludwig Kugelmann . In: Scientific journal of the Friedrich Schiller University Jena. 4th year, 1954/1955, mathematical and scientific series. Booklet 1
  • Bert Andréas : Letters and documents from the Marx family from 1862 - 1873 along with two unknown essays by Friedrich Engels . In: Archives for Social History. 2. Vol. Verlag für Literatur und Zeitgeschehen GmbH, Hanover 1962 (Contains letters to the Kugelmann family.)
  • Franziska Kugelmann: Small features to the large character image of Karl Marx . In: Mohr and General. Memories of Marx and Engels . Dietz-Verlag, Berlin 1965, pp. 280-317
  • Martin Hundt : Louis Kugelmann. On the 65th anniversary of the death of Karl Marx's correspondent . In: Contributions to the history of the labor movement. Berlin 1967, No. 2, pp. 294-300
  • Martin Hundt: The contribution of Louis Kugelmann to the propagation of "capital" in Germany from 1867 to 1869 . In: Contributions to Marx-Engels research. Berlin 1968, pp. 86-90
  • Martin Hundt: Gynecologist and propagandist for "Capital". Louis Kugelmann - the famous correspondent of Marx, an important doctor . In: humanitas (Berlin). No. 12 dated June 6, 1968
  • Martin Hundt: Louis Kugelmann . In: Men of the Revolution . Berlin 1970, pp. 101-121
  • Martin Hundt: Kugelmann - friend of Marx and book lover . In: Marginalia . 37th issue, Berlin 1970, pp. 1-7
  • Dr. Louis Kugelmann . In: Helmut Dressler: Doctors around Karl Marx. Volk und Gesundheit Verlag, Berlin 1970, pp. 105–120
  • Diary of the Paris Commune. Karl Marx Friedrich Engels. Compiled and introduced by Erich Kundel, Hans-Dieter Kruse, Ruth Stolz , Evelin Barth . Dietz Verlag 1971 (Contains letters from Louis Kugelmann.)
  • Rolf Dlubek , Hannes Skambraks: "Das Kapital" by Karl Marx in the German labor movement (1867 to 1878). Outline and evidence of the history of its impact . Dietz Verlag 1967 (Contains letters from Louis and Gertrud Kugelmann.)
  • Martin Hundt: Louis Kugelmann. A biography of the doctor and friend of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels , Dietz, Berlin, 1974
  • Egon Erwin Kisch : Karl Marx in Karlsbad . Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin / Weimar 1983 (About the stay of the Kugelmann family and Karl Marx with their daughter Eleanor in Karlsbad.)
  • Boris Rudjak : One mistake needs to be corrected. Over five photographs, the portraits of the wife and eldest daughter of Karl Marx became known . In: Marx-Engels-Jahrbuch 13, Berlin 1990, pp. 320–328 (These pictures show Gertrud and Franziska Kugelmann and not Jenny Marx and her daughter Jenny, as is often assumed.)
  • Contributions to Marx-Engels Research New Series. Special Volume 2. Successful Cooperation: The Frankfurt Institute for Social Research and the Moscow Marx-Engels Institute (1924 - 1928). Correspondence from Felix Weil, Carl Grünberg u. a. with David Borisovič Rjazanov, Ernst Czóbel u. a. from the Russian State Archive for Social and Political History Moscow . Argument, Hamburg 2000, pp. 160, 161, 246 (How 15 photos of Engels and the Marx family got to Moscow.)
  • Peter Schulze : Kugelmann, Louis . In: Dirk Böttcher, Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 217 ( preview in Google book search)
  • Harald Storz : Louis Kugelmann. Doctor from Lemförde . - in: Finds. News and articles on the history of the Jews in Lower Saxony and Bremen , sn, Hanover, Heft 3 (2004) pp. 8–9
  • Norbert Weinitschke: Kugelmann, Wermuth and factory tills in Hanover . In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter NF Vol. 37 (1983), pp. 85-97

Others

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see Rudjak, p. 328.
  2. ↑ see Rudjak, p. 324.
  3. ↑ n.v . : Kugelmann, Louis in the database of Niedersächsische Personen (new entry required) of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Library - Lower Saxony State Library (GWLB) in the version of August 22, 2014, last accessed on January 28, 2019
  4. ^ A b Peter Schulze: Kugelmann, Louis. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon. From the beginning to the present . Schlueter, Hannover, 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 217; Preview in Google Book Search
  5. ↑ Neue Rheinische Zeitung . Supplement to No. 7 dated June 7, 1848, page 1, column 2.
  6. ↑ newspaper of the workers' association in Cologne No. 8 of June 18, 1848, pp. [86 and 87].
  7. ↑ Martin Hundt: Louis Kugelmann (1974), p. 69.
  8. ^ Martin Hundt: Louis Kugelmann (1974), p. 70.
  9. ↑ Martin Hundt: Louis Kugelmann (1974), p. 79.
  10. ↑ Martin Hundt: Louis Kugelmann (1974), pp. 99-101.
  11. ↑ Information from the City Archives Hanover and Wiesbaden
  12. ^ See Ludwig Hoerner : Hannover in early Photographien 1848-1910 , p. 36f
  13. ↑ Compare Hanover's address book for 1867, Section I: Address and Apartment Gazette. Alphabetical list of residents , p. 301; Digitized version of the GWBL
  14. ^ Helmut Zimmermann : Georgswall , in ders .: The street names of the state capital Hanover . Hahnsche Buchhandlung Verlag, Hannover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 90
  15. ↑ Martin Hundt: Louis Kugelmann , 1974, p. 205.
personal data
SURNAME Kugelmann, Louis
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kugelmann, L .; Kugelmann, Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physician and social democrat
DATE OF BIRTH February 19, 1828
PLACE OF BIRTH Lemförde
DATE OF DEATH January 9, 1902
Place of death Hanover