Neuwerkkirche Goslar
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The Neuwerkkirche is a former monastery church from the 12th century in Goslar . Today it serves as a Protestant parish church . The state of construction at the time it was built has been preserved in all parts. It therefore offers a pure example of Romanesque architecture.
history
The imperial Vogt Volkmar founded a nunnery in the 12th century outside the medieval city fortifications of Goslar. This also included the collegiate church “St. Maria in horto “(Holy Mary in the rose garden), today called Neuwerkkirche. The first abbess came from Ichtershausen in Thuringia with twelve nuns .
The convent initially lived according to the Cistercian rules , although it did not belong to the order. In 1199 the monastery was confirmed papally as a Benedictine convent . After the Reformation , the monastery was continued as a women's monastery and secondary school for girls until the 1960s . Since 1964 the church has been the parish church of the former Evangelical Lutheran parish district of Markt-Georgenberg.
The church is the start and end station of the Harz monastery hiking trail .
Exterior construction
The Neuwerkkirche is a cross-shaped domed basilica . The masonry is made of quarry stone that has been plastered. The west building has two octagonal towers. The main portal on the north side shows a rich profile. The three-year nave is designed in a bound system , to the east the transept and the choir adjoin . There are three apses , a main apse that adjoins the choir and two transept apses .
West side
Southeast side
Richly structured main apse
Capital on the main apse
Apses
The transept apses are simply structured by pilaster strips and cornices . The two-storey main apse shows a richer structure: In the lower area it has half columns and a round arch frieze . In the upper area, a blended architecture is supported by free columns. The capitals and shafts of the columns are extremely varied.
inner space
The interior of the church is characterized by the transition between Romanesque and early Gothic . Rib and belt arches determine the central nave vault. The services in front of the main pillars continue in the ribs and belt arches of the vault. The different fighting heights are striking . Another special feature is the four main pillars of the central yoke. There, in the upper part, the services bulge outwardly like eyelets. Two are wearing rings, one of which represents an ouroboros . The smaller intermediate pillars, which separate the groin-vaulted aisle from the central nave, are provided with columns at the edges.
Wall painting
The wall paintings date from the 13th century. They were uncovered and supplemented in 1874/75. The vault of the main apse shows Christ giving blessings on his mother's lap. The throne on which both sit stands on the seven degrees of bliss. Twelve lions are at the ends of the stairs. The two lions next to the throne represent the Archangel Gabriel and the Evangelist John . Over the head of the Madonna hover seven doves, which represent the gifts of the Holy Spirit. The scene is flanked by Peter and Paul as well as two kneeling figures, an archangel and the protomartyr Stephanus .
The interior to the east,
in the choir arch the triumphal cross
Painting in the vault of the main apse: Mary on the Solomonic throne
The interior to the west
Furnishing
-
Triumphal Cross (early 16th century)
It is three meters high, hair and crown of thorns are natural. - Sandstone relief (15th century)
on the west side of the north aisle. It shows Christ's departure from his mother on Maundy Thursday. - Former rood screen pulpit (13th century)
It contains stucco reliefs and is now set into the parapet of the organ gallery. - Blessing Christ in a belt arch (around 1240)
- Grave of the monastery founder (middle of the 15th century)
It shows the imperial Vogt Volkmar and his wife Helena. - On the southern central pillar of the west yoke arches the half-relief of an angel (around 1200); he is holding a banner with the Leonine hexameter :
- Miri facta vide
- laudando viri lapicide
- “Consider with praise the works of the amazing stonemason ”;
- at his feet on the console the name of the artist (in the genitive) Wilhelmi .
Bells
In the tower of the Neuwerkkirche hang five very old bells that form one of the most important chimes in Germany.
| No. | Nominal | diameter | Weight | Casting year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | e'-10 | 1300 mm | 1,575 kg | ≈ 1300 |
| 2 | a'-5 | 1192 mm | 1,071 kg | ≈ 1314 |
| 3 | it '' - 1 | 640 mm | 210 kg | ≈ 13th century |
| 4th | f '' - 3 | 695 mm | 323 kg | ≈ 1200 |
| 5 | as '' - 2 | 620 mm | 234 kg | ≈ 1200 |
literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments, Bremen and Lower Saxony. Darmstadt 1977
- Dieter Jungmann: The Neuwerk Church in Goslar. DKV Art Guide No. 618, Munich, Berlin, 2nd revised edition 2013, ISBN 978-3-422-02384-0
- G. Ulrich Großmann: Hanover and southern Lower Saxony. Art guide. Cologne 1988, ISBN 3-7701-1864-2
- Leaflet of the Protestant parish Neuwerk
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 54 ′ 34.4 " N , 10 ° 25 ′ 31.9" E
Individual evidence
- ↑ The bells of the Neuwerkkirche in Goslar. Accessed May 31, 2019 .