Eastern Tibet

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Location of the East Tibetan regions of Amdo and Kham
Döndrub Ling Monastery in Kyegu Do (Yüru'u, North Kham)

Eastern Tibet ( Tib. Mdokhams.jpg , Mdo khams ) is a frequently used, spatially but mostly not clearly defined term for the eastern Tibetan cultural regions of Amdo and Kham , most of which belong to the provinces of Qinghai , Gansu , Sichuan and Yunnan . Since Tibet is comprehensively understood by many as the entire geographical highlands of Tibet , eastern Tibet appears more or less as the eastern part of Tibet, which is no more different from it. Indeed, the East Tibetan regions of Amdo and Kham can be distinguished to a large extent with their own cultural features, different population structures and a history that is highly independent, even if it is closely linked to central Tibet. Accordingly, the inhabitants of Eastern Tibet do not call themselves Böpa ( bod pa ), as the Tibetan term for Tibetans, but Amdowa ( a mdo pa ) and Khampa ( khams pa ).

During the Chinese Qing Dynasty , Amdo in 1724 and eastern Kham in 1728 were incorporated into the neighboring Chinese provinces .

Between 1911 and 1939, Kham was known as Chuanbian (川 邊 特別 區), and thereafter changed its name to Xikang until 1955. Amdo was administratively in Gansu Province of China from 1723 to 1927 and in Qinghai Province from 1928 to now.

These areas did not belong to Tibet from 1911 to 1950, nor do they belong to the Tibet Autonomous Region today , but form Tibetan autonomous prefectures and counties within different provinces. The Tibetan government in exile is calling for the unification of all areas of the Tibetan cultural area .

swell

  1. ^ The Times Atlas of World History , 1989, p. 175
  2. ↑ Schirokauer, Conrad. A Brief History of Chinese Civilization , 2006, p. 242
  3. ↑ Wang Jiawei, "The Historical Status of China's Tibet", 2000, pp. 162-6
  4. ^ Louis MJ Schram: The Monguors of the Kansu-Tibetan Frontier: Their Origin, History, and Social Organization . Kessinger Publishing, 2006, ISBN 1-4286-5932-3 , pp. 17 .

literature

  • Christoph Baumer, Therese Weber: East Tibet. Bridge between Tibet and China. ADEVA, Graz 2002, ISBN 3-201-01788-4 .
  • Michael Brandtner: Minya Konka Snow Mountains in Eastern Tibet. The discovery of an alpine paradise. Detjen-Verlag, Hamburg 2006, ISBN 978-3-937597-20-1 .
  • Andreas Gruschke : The Cultural Monuments of Tibet's Outer Provinces: Amdo. 2 volumes, White Lotus Press, Bangkok 2001.
  • Andreas Gruschke: The Cultural Monuments of Tibet's Outer Provinces: Kham. 3 volumes, White Lotus Press, Bangkok 2004 ff.
  • Willi Senft, Marita Ludwig: Eastern Tibet travel guide. Weishaupt-Verlag, 2007, ISBN 978-3705902527 .

Web links