Philipp Julius (Pomerania)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Philipp Julius of Pomerania

Philipp Julius of Pomerania (born December 27, 1584 in Wolgast ; † February 6, 1625 in Wolgast) was the last Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast .

Life

Philipp Julius, 1620.

Philipp Julius was the son of Duke Ernst Ludwig von Pommern-Wolgast and his wife Sophia Hedwig von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , daughter of Duke Julius of Braunschweig-Lüneburg . After the death of his father in 1592 he lived with his mother first in Loitz , from 1597 to 1602 then again in Wolgast . He was educated by the court master and later Professor Friedrich Gerschow from Greifswald .

In 1602 and 1603, the young Duke Philipp Julius undertook an educational trip ( cavalier tour) through Germany, France, England, Italy and Switzerland, which included a study visit to the University of Leipzig , where he was honored by being appointed rector in April 1602 has been.

In 1603 Philipp Julius took over the government of the Duchy of Pomerania-Wolgast, which had previously been his uncle and guardian, Duke Bogislaw XIII. had exercised for him. On June 25, 1604, in Cölln on the Spree , he married Agnes von Brandenburg , the daughter of Elector Johann Georg von Brandenburg.

In 1604 he intervened in the internal affairs of Greifswald because of civil unrest, restricted the position of the city council and increased the ducal influence. In doing so, he obtained considerable sums of money from the city. However, after he had taken over the offices of Franzburg and Barth from him, he had his uncle 110,000 guilders for the takeover of Bogislaw XIII. built castles and factories as well as the printing works in Barth .

Between 1612 and 1616 he influenced Stralsund's independence , but was unable to enforce many of the agreements he had reached in contracts with the city against the resistance of the estates.

The elaborate court keeping and the numerous trips of the culturally interested Philipp Julius put a heavy strain on the duchy's finances. Around 1613 his court consisted of 254 people, including numerous musicians. However, it should also be taken into account that the last years of his government fell during the so-called tipper and wipper period, which was associated with enormous inflation.

In 1613 Duke Philipp Julius granted Bergen on Rügen , where he had owned a hunting lodge since 1611, the town charter . In 1613 he had a portico built at Wolgast Castle by the builder Wilhelm Bardt from Danzig . A pleasure palace was built on the Struck in 1615. The new university building in Greifswald, which his father had begun (predecessor of today's main university building , completed in 1750 ) had Philipp Julius completed.

On February 6, 1625, the 40-year-old Duke died in Wolgast after a long illness. His unhealthy lifestyle, especially a downright drinking addiction, contributed to his early death. Since his marriage, like that of all the other Pomeranian dukes with Brandenburg princesses since Bogislaw X., had remained childless, his cousin Duke Bogislaw XIV. Took over the rule of Pomerania-Wolgast as the last male representative of the Griffins .

Cultural heritage

Gold guilders from Duke Philipp Julius (1609)
Residence city Wolgast in the Stralsund illuminated manuscript (1611/1615)

In 1619 Duke Philipp Julius donated to the University of Greifswald a Spanish cycling coat made of silk velvet, made by the Stralsund pearl embroiderer Henrik Möller and decorated with gold and silver embroidery , which until the recent past was worn by the rectors of the University of Greifswald as a rector's robe on ceremonial occasions.

A collection of colored depictions of West Pomeranian cities, which is now called Stralsund Illuminated Manuscript , was commissioned by or for Duke Philipp Julius. He also participated in the creation of a map of the Duchy of Pomerania initiated by his cousin, Duke Philip II of Szczecin , by the Rostock scholar Eilhard Lubin , the so-called Lubin map of 1618, one of the earliest accurate maps of an imperial territory.

His maritime and mercantile ambitions were expressed in the construction of his own ship called "Fortune". However, this vehicle, which was completed shortly before his death, brought him good luck.

Philipp Julius had a travel diary written about his cavalier tour , which he undertook from 1602 to 1603 . This was completed in 1605 by his educator and travel companion Friedrich Gerschow . The 225-sheet handwriting has been preserved in the original to this day; there are also two later copies. The text has so far only been published in excerpts, but is now available as a digital edition.

The magnificent sarcophagus of Duke Philipp Julius, which was built in 1625 and recently restored, is located in the St. Petri Church in Wolgast .

The creation of several domains goes back to Philipp Julius, which is reflected in their names, Philippshagen on the Ruegen peninsula Mönchgut and Philippshof near Altentreptow.

literature

Web links

Commons : Philipp Julius von Pommern  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Endnotes

  1. ↑ Hans Branig : History of Pomerania - Part I . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne Weimar Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-412-07189-7 , p. 159 ff.
  2. ↑ Archiwum Panstwowe w Szczecinie, AKW, No. 473 (formerly: State Archives Stettin, Rep. 5, Tit. 32, No. 81, Vol. 1).
  3. ^ Andrea Voss: Staging of a Scholar: Friedrich Gerschow's travel report for Philipp Julius von Pommern-Wolgast (1605). In: Andrea Voß: Telling Travel. Narrative rhetoric, intertextuality and functional functions of the noble educational travel report in the early modern period. Winter, Heidelberg 2016, pp. 168–197.
  4. ↑ Monika Schneikart: The fates of the travel diary of Duke Philipp Julius von Pommern-Wolgast from 1605 . In: Baltic Studies . Volume 93 NF (2007), pp. 47-56.
  5. ^ Digital edition of the travel diary from 1605 .
predecessor Office successor
Ernst Ludwig Duke of Pommern-Wolgast
1603–1625 		Bogislaw XIV.
personal data
SURNAME Philipp Julius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pommern, Philipp Julius von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast
DATE OF BIRTH December 27, 1584
PLACE OF BIRTH Wolgast
DATE OF DEATH February 6, 1625
Place of death Wolgast