Pietro Andrea Ziani

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Pietro Andrea Ziani (born December 21, 1616 in Venice , † February 12, 1684 in Naples ) was an Italian organist and composer , he was considered one of the most important representatives of Venetian opera in the 1660s and 1670s.

Life

Pietro Andrea Ziani was the uncle of the composer Marc'Antonio Ziani . He received his extensive musical training in the "Order of the Canons of San Salvadore" in Candia , which he joined in June 1632. He received his first employment as an organist , 1636 in Treviso, 1637 in Candia, 1638 in Brescia, then from 1639 to 1654 at the church of S. Salvatore in Venice, where he was ordained a deacon in 1639. Already in 1637 and 1639 his order gave him permission to publish the prints of the "Canone regulario, Organista" (Op. 2, 1640) and his Il primo libro de Canzonette ... (Op. 3, 1641). His titles "Don" or "Padre" can still be found on the early librettis. In 1668 he was released from all church obligations for health reasons.

His first opera La guerriera spartana was premiered at the Teatro Sant'Apollinare at the Carnival in 1654 , from which time a long collaboration with the librettist and opera impresario Giovanni Faustini began , which lasted for many years.

From May 1657 to June 1659 Ziani was the successor of Maurizio Cazzati Kapellmeister of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore in Bergamo, with an interruption due to illness . From 1660 he made contact with the Habsburg family. He dedicated his Fiori musicali Opus 6 to Archduke Ferdinand Karl (Austria-Tyrol) . Ziani lived in Innsbruck for about two years from 1661, at the end of 1663 he traveled to Vienna, where he was Kapellmeister of the court orchestra of the Empress Dowager Eleonore until 1667 . During his time in Vienna he wrote numerous oratorios and operas that were intended for both Vienna and Venice.

Between December 1666 and January 1667 he stayed on the occasion of the wedding of Johann Georg III. (Saxony) and Princess Anna Sophie of Denmark and Norway in Dresden to conduct a performance of the opera Theseo , which did not come from his pen. In the course of 1668 he left Vienna with a letter of recommendation from the Empress widow.

From 1669 to 1677 Ziani was the first organist at St. Mark's Basilica in Venice , succeeding Francesco Cavalli . During this time, too, several operas and nudes for pasticcios were written, which were performed in many Italian cities in addition to Venice. After Natale Monferrato had received the post of first conductor at St. Mark's Basilica, which Ziani had sought, he traveled to Naples, where he got a job at the Conservatorio di Sant'Onofrio in the Porta Capuana district and was paid as honorary organist from the court treasury. In 1680 he became vice conductor of the court orchestra. During this time, too, other operas were written for Venice, Naples and Palermo. After Ziani's death, Alessandro Scarlatti took over his office.

With his particularly imaginative opera productions, Ziani was extremely successful and was regarded as the most important opera composer after Francesco Cavalli. Numerous musical experiments, avoidance of repetitions. His instrumental music was also well known, with Johann Philipp Krieger performing chamber music works by Ziani in Weißenfels, Saxony .

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Operas

  • La guerriera spartana (dramma per musica, libretto by Bartolomeo Castoreo, 1654, Venice)
  • Eupatria (dramma per musica, libretto by Giovanni Faustini , 1655, Venice)
  • Le fortune di Rodope e Damira (dramma per musica, libretto by Aurelio Aureli , 1657, Venice)
  • L'incostanza trionfante, ovvero il Theseo (dramma per musica, libretto by Francesco Maria Piccioli after Plutarch , 1658, Venice)
  • Antigona delusa da Alceste (dramma per musica, libretto by Aurelio Aureli , 1660, Venice)
  • Annibale in Capua (dramma per musica, libretto by Nicolò Beregan , 1661, Venice), s. a. Antonio Salieri
  • Gli scherzi di Fortuna subordinato al Pirro (dramma per musica, libretto by Aurelio Aureli , 1662, Venice)
  • Le fatiche d'Ercole per Deianira (dramma per musica, libretto by Aurelio Aureli , 1662, Venice; 1680, Amsterdam)
  • L'amor guerriero (dramma per musica, libretto by Cristoforo Ivanovich , 1663, Venice)
  • Oronisbe (componimento drammatico per musica, libretto by Antonio Draghi , 1663, Vienna)
  • La congiura del vizio contro la virtù (scherzo musicale, libretto by Donato Cupeda, 1663, Vienna)
  • La ricreazione burlesca (dramma per musica, 1663, Vienna)
  • L'invidia conculcata dalla Virtù, Merito, Valore della SC Mta di Leopoldo imperatore (componimento drammatico, libretto by Antonio Draghi , 1664, Vienna)
  • Circe (dramma per musica, libretto by Cristoforo Ivanovich , 1664, Vienna)
  • Cloridea (dramma per musica, libretto by Antonio Draghi , 1665, Vienna)
  • Doriclea (dramma per musica, libretto by Giovanni Faustini , 1666, Vienna)
  • L'onore trionfante (dramma per musica, libretto by Domenico Federici , 1666, Vienna)
  • Elice (introduzione ad un regio balletto, libretto by Domenico Federici , 1666, Vienna)
  • Galatea (favola pastorale per musica, libretto by Antonio Draghi , 1667, Vienna)
  • Alcide (dramma per musica, libretto by Giovanni Faustini , 1667, Venice)
  • Semiramide (dramma per musica, libretto by Marcello Noris after Giovanni Andrea Moniglia, 1670, Venice)
  • Ippolita reina delle amazzoni (only 3rd act) (dramma per musica, libretto by Carlo Maria Maggi , 1670, Milan; composed in collaboration with Lodovico Busca and Pietro Simone Agostini )
  • Heraclio (dramma per musica, libretto by Nicolò Beregan , 1671, Venice)
  • Attila (dramma per musica, libretto by Marcello Noris , 1672, Venice)
  • Chi tal nasce tal vive, ovvero l'Alessandro Bala (dramma per musica, libretto by Andrea Perruccio , 1678, Naples)
  • Candaule (dramma per musica, libretto by Adriano Morselli , 1679, Venice)
  • Enea in Cartagine (dramma per musica, libretto by Marc'Antonio Catani , 1680, Palermo)
  • L'innocenza risorta, ovvero Etio (dramma per musica, libretto by Adriano Morselli, 1683, Venice)

Other

  • Fiori musicali […] Madrigali á 2, 3, 4 Voci (Venice, 1640)
  • Op. 2: Motets for one voice (Venice, 1640)
  • Op. 3: Canzonets for one voice (Venice, 1641)
  • Op. 6: Sacrae laudes complectens tertiam, Missam Psalmosque a 5 (Venice, 1660)
  • Op. 7: 20 Sonata a 3, 4, 5, 6 Voci ( Freiberg and Venice, 1667)
  • Op. 8: Canzonette a Voce sola (Venice, 1670)
  • Sonatae duae à 6, 2 violini, 4 Viole con Basso per l'Organo (1670)
  • 6 Sonatas à due Violini col Basso per l'organo (Amsterdam, 1710)
  • Oratorio Assalonne punito (The Punishment of Absalom) (1667)

literature

  • Saskia Maria Woyke: Pietro Andrea Ziani Varietas and Artificiality in the Seicento Music Theater . Peter Lang, Frankfurt 2008, ISBN 978-3-631-57861-2 .
  • Theophil Antonicek : The "Damira" operas of the two Ziani (Analecta musicologica 14) . Vienna 1975, p. 176-207 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry in the Austria Lexicon
  2. ^ MGG , 2nd edition, vol. 17, columns 1452-1457 Article Ziani
personal data
SURNAME Ziani, Pietro Andrea
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian Baroque composer
DATE OF BIRTH December 21, 1616
PLACE OF BIRTH Venice
DATE OF DEATH February 12, 1684
Place of death Naples