Plön

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Plön
Plön
Map of Germany, position of the city of Plön highlighted

Coordinates: 54 ° 10 ′  N , 10 ° 25 ′  E

Basic data
State : Schleswig-Holstein
Circle : Plön
Height : 28 m above sea level NHN
Area : 36.73 km 2
Residents: 8926 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 243 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 24306
Area code : 04522
License plate : PLÖ
Community key : 01 0 57 057
LOCODE : DE PLN

City administration address : 		Schlossberg 3/4
24306 Plön
Website : www.ploen.de
Mayor : Lars Winter ( SPD )
Location of the city of Plön in the district of Plön
Ascheberg (Holstein) Barmissen Barsbek Behrensdorf (Ostsee) Belau Bendfeld Blekendorf Boksee Bönebüttel Bösdorf Bothkamp Brodersdorf Dannau Dersau Dobersdorf Dörnick Fahren Fargau-Pratjau Fiefbergen Giekau Grebin Großbarkau Großharrie Heikendorf Helmstorf Högsdorf Hohenfelde Höhndorf Hohwacht (Ostsee) Honigsee Kalübbe Kirchbarkau Kirchnüchel Klamp Klein Barkau Kletkamp Köhn Krokau Krummbek Kühren Laboe Lammershagen Lebrade Lehmkuhlen Löptin Lütjenburg Lutterbek Martensrade Mönkeberg Mucheln Nehmten Nettelsee Panker Passade Plön Pohnsdorf Postfeld Prasdorf Preetz Probsteierhagen Rantzau Rastorf Rathjensdorf Rendswühren Ruhwinkel Schellhorn Schillsdorf Schlesen Schönberg (Holstein) Schönkirchen Schwartbuck Schwentinental Selent Stakendorf Stein Stolpe Stoltenberg Tasdorf Tröndel Wahlstorf Wankendorf Warnau Wendtorf Wisch Wittmoldtmap
About this picture

Plön ( Low German : Plöön ) is the district town of the Plön district in Schleswig-Holstein and has about 8900 inhabitants. The city's landmark is the castle , which was built in the 17th century.

Plön has a high school with a 300-year history, is the location of the Naval NCO School and the seat of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology .

geography

Plön is located directly on Schleswig-Holstein's largest inland lake, the Great Plöner See , and is embedded in the hilly lake landscape of Holstein Switzerland . Only 7.8 km² of the urban area is land area. The rest of the urban area is spread over eleven lakes, which belong entirely to the city of Plön, and five more in which Plön has a share. The following bodies of water are located completely within the urban area: Behler See , Edebergsee , Höftsee , Großer Madebrökensee , Kleiner Madebrökensee , Schöhsee , Stadtsee , Suhrer See and Trentsee . In addition, the large and small Plöner See as well as the Trammer See are proportionally part of Plön.

Districts

The Koppelsberg district is located on the B 430 on the westernmost arm of the city of Plön, directly on the border with the neighboring municipality of Dörnick . To the east of the main town on the B 76 are the districts of Fegetasche, Ruhleben and Stadtheide. The Stadtheide district was largely built on the site of the former five-lake barracks, which until 1996 housed a pioneer battalion and has been developed into a district with residential and mixed areas since 2000. In addition, the oil mill is located in the city.

Neighboring communities

Plön borders the following municipalities (clockwise, starting in the north): Rathjensdorf , Grebin , Malente , Bösdorf , Bosau , Nehmten , Ascheberg (Holstein) , Dörnick , Wittmoldt . With the exception of Malente and Bosau ( Ostholstein district ), all neighboring communes also belong to the Plön district.

The neighboring municipalities of Ascheberg and Bösdorf, which were formerly officially affiliated, have been administered as non-official municipalities by the city of Plön as part of an administrative community since January 1, 2014 .

Plön Castle: Landmark of Plön

history

During the migration of the peoples , the Slavic Abodrites came to the Plön area after the Germanic pre-population had withdrawn in the early 8th century . On the large island off the coast of Plön, which was later called Olsborg , they built extensive fortifications. They named their settlement Plune , which means "ice-free water". In 1075 the Vagrian prince and Abodritic velvet ruler Kruto lured the Nakonids Budivoj to the "castrum plunense" ( Helmold von Bosau ), besieged him and, when they surrendered under the promise of free withdrawal, had the besieged slain. In 1139 the Holsten destroyed the fortress against the will of Holstein Count Adolf II von Schauenburg without authorization, thereby ending the Vagrian rule over the Plön area.

20 years later, Adolf II had the castle rebuilt on the island, but soon moved it to today's Schlossberg. A Saxon market settlement developed under the protection of the castle and near the trade route leading north from Lübeck. In 1236, Plön was granted the town charter of Luebeck. Strategically located on a narrow isthmus between the lakes and the Schwentine River, Plön remained a center of the County of Holstein until it fell to the Danish royal family in the 15th century. 1561–1761 Plön was the residence of the Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön .

The Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Plön was created in 1622 through succession within the Danish royal family . With the construction of the Plön Castle in place of the old castle in 1633–1636 by Duke Joachim Ernst, Plön became the capital of the small principality. As a residential city, Plön experienced a considerable appreciation. In 1685 , Duke Johann Adolph ("Hans Adolf") founded Neustadt in the north-west of the city in order to settle craftsmen here and thus increase the economic power of the duchy. Under Friedrich Carl , the palace area was expanded to include several baroque buildings and a pleasure garden. At that time the city had about 1,000 inhabitants and reached roughly as far as the Schwentine Bridge in the east and the end of today's pedestrian zone in the west. Both entrances were secured with gates. The Plön Latin School, the forerunner of today's Plön Castle Gymnasium , was founded in 1704.

Plön from the Parnass Tower with the Plöner See and Plön Castle in the middle

In 1761 the duchy fell back to the Danish crown. So Plön belonged to Denmark until the German-Danish War in 1864. It served as the Danish king's summer residence for a time, but otherwise remained a provincial town with around 2,000 inhabitants. Rochus von Liliencron described the cultivated life in the small adjoining residence in his “memories of youth”. In the middle of the 19th century, the Danish Crown Prince spent a few years in the castle for summer retreat , which has since shown its white plaster with the gray roof.

In 1867, when the Prussian administrative reform came into force, Plön became a district town. The Hohenzollern princes received part of their school education in Plön. The Prinzeninsel is still owned by the Hohenzollern family today. From 1868 the Plön Castle was a Prussian cadet institute . After the First World War , it became a boarding school , which served as a National Political Educational Institution from 1933 to 1945 . Since 1946 it was again a state boarding school.

In 1891 Emil Otto Zacharias founded the first "Biological Station" for freshwater research on German soil as a private research institute with financial support from the Prussian government and several private individuals on Lake Plön . After his death August Thienemann took over the management. The Max Planck Institute for Limnology existed for a long time as the successor institution . After a total of 115 years of limnological research, this institute location was reorganized as the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology to focus on other areas. Plön is also a “corporate sponsoring member” of the Max Planck Society.

Ploen from Plön Castle from

After the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933 one was in Ploen Castle National Political Institutes of Education founded the elite education in the sense operation of the Nazi regime. From mid-April 1945, parts of the last Reich government and the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Karl Dönitz, stayed in the barracks of the Stadtheide barracks . On May 1, Dönitz announced that Hitler had fallen and had chosen him as his successor. The next day, the new executive government of the Reich fled from the approaching British troops to the Mürwik special area . Plön then became the " Open City ". On May 4, 1945, Hans-Georg von Friedeburg signed the surrender of all German troops in northwest Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark on behalf of Dönitz . The war finally ended with the Unconditional Surrender on May 8th .

From 1946, classes began again in the boarding school with an adjoining boarding school, later in the Plön Castle Gymnasium . The boarding school in Plön Castle was closed in 2001 under the state government of Heide Simonis and the castle was sold to the optical company Fielmann . After extensive restoration work, he opened an academy for the optician's trade there in October 2006. It is a non-profit training center for all optics. The extensive castle area belongs to the castle. It is characterized by carefully restored historical buildings (e.g. Prinzenhaus , old swimming pool, clock house), avenues and old trees.

The prince's house is called the "Pearl of the Rococo ". It was previously used as a garden house and got its current name when the sons of the last German Emperor Wilhelm II were taught in this building. After several years of restoration by the German Foundation for Monument Protection , it is now open to the public again.

The information center of the Holstein Switzerland Nature Park is now located in the watch house . The former imperial swimming pool is now a cultural forum that is available for events and exhibitions. Witnesses from imperial times can be seen in other places in Plön. There is a thatched pavilion on Prinzeninsel , from which one has a view of the Great Plöner See - this was the empress's favorite place. The altar of the palace chapel donated by Empress Auguste Viktoria is located in the chapel at the old cemetery .

At the end of the 1970s the inner city bypass was built ( Bundesstrasse 76 and 430 ), for which some houses in the city center had to give way and which was led across several lakes. The street is now seen as out of date, traffic noise in particular is a problem for residents, and solutions up to and including demolition are being discussed.

Cold War relics can be found in the form of explosive shafts and locking barriers in the Fünf-Seen-Allee in the area of ​​the former Five-Lakes Barracks (former Pioneer Battalion 6, 6th Panzer Grenadier Division), Plön-Stadtheide.

politics

Council meeting

The local elections in 2018 brought the following results:

Parties and constituencies %
2018 		Seats
2018 		%
2013 		Seats
2013 		%
2008 		Seats
2008 		%
2003 		Seats
2003
Local election 2018
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
31.06%
25.59%
19.64%
9.06%
8.36%
6.28%
FWG-Plön
Gains and losses
compared to 2013
 % p
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-2.03  % p
-7.17  % p
+ 6.94  % p
-6.36  % p
+ 2.33  % p.p.
+ 6.28  % p
FWG-Plön
Allocation of seats in the Plön council assembly since 2018
      
A total of 25 seats


CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 31.06 8th 33.09 8th 34.16 8th 51.20 12
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 25.59 6th 32.76 7th 33.44 8th 30.04 7th
FWG-Plön Free voter community Plön 9.06 2 15.42 4th 22.93 5 13.64 3
Green Alliance 90 / The Greens 19.64 5 12.70 3 - - - -
FDP Free Democratic Party 8.36 2 6.03 1 9.46 2 5.12 1
LEFT THE LEFT 6.28 2 - - - - - -
total 100.0 25th 100.0 23 100.0 23 100.0 23
Voter turnout in% 47.21 48.26 49.25 57.06

The newly elected Plön Council was constituted at its meeting on June 13, 2018.

The town hall of Plön

mayor

In the runoff election on July 17, 2016, Lars Winter (SPD) was elected mayor of Plöns with 59.3% of the valid votes. His opponent Stefan Meyer (non-party) received 40.7% of the vote. The turnout was 46.5%. Lars Winter took office as mayor on March 1, 2017.

The mayor Jens Paustian, who had been in office until then, failed in the first ballot with 28.24%, while his competitors received 31.73% (Meyer) and 39.79% (Winter) of the valid votes in the first ballot. The turnout in the first ballot was 51.46%.

coat of arms

Old coat of arms on the passage from Long Street to the castle

Blazon : “In silver over alternating silver and blue waves in which a red fish swims, a continuous, low red pinnacle wall made of bricks, topped with a squat red pinnacle tower with two black arches; The Holstein coat of arms floating above the tower (the silver nettle leaf in red). "

Partnerships

traffic

Plön train station

Plön forms the junction of federal highways 76 (east-west route) and 430 (south-west-northeast route). Via the B 430 there is a connection to the Autobahn 21 (approx. 19 km, junction Bornhöved ) and the Autobahn 7 (approx. 40 km, junction Neumünster- Mitte). The B 76 also connects Plön to Autobahn 1 (approx. 27 km, Eutin junction ).

The transport companies Plön are the Verkehrsverbund Region Kiel connected. They operate two bus routes in city traffic and also serve connections with the surrounding area. The state capital Kiel can be reached by regional bus from the company Autokraft .

The Kiel – Lübeck railway runs through Plön . The trains run every half hour in both directions. After the acquisition of the building by the City of Plön and subsequent fundamental renovation work, the Tourist Information Großer Plöner See & DB Agency has been located in the historic station building with the Prinzenbahnhof roofing since mid-2008.

Education and culture

schools

  • Special schools
    • Support center Plön, Am Schiffsthal, 54 pupils in 5 classes, 106 supervised
  • Elementary schools
    • Breitenauschule, Breitenaustrasse, 166 students in 10 classes
    • Rodomstorschule, Rodomstorstraße, 232 students in 10 classes
  • Community school
    • Community school of the school association Plön town and country in Plön, Schule am Schiffsthal, Am Schiffsthal, 580 students in 25 classes
  • high school
  • Vocational school
    • Regional vocational training center (BBZ) of the Plön district, Heinrich-Rieper-Straße, 1668 students in 108 classes

Student numbers from the school year 2019/2020

Churches

Cultural event

  • Plön Jazz Days (traditional jazz / on the 4 days from Ascension Day to Sunday)
  • "Green Note" (various styles / annual concert day of the district music school)
  • Schützenfest of the Plöner Schützengilde from 1621 e. V. (annually on the 2nd Friday in July)
  • Plön City Bay Festival (folk festival / annually in mid-August)
  • Plöner Kulturnacht (cabaret / annually on the first weekend in September)
  • Plön Music Autumn (Classical / annually in September / October)
  • Live music in the Kulturforum swimming pool at Schloss Plön (mainly classical)
  • Live music in the Alte Schwimmhalle restaurant (jazz, blues, rock)
  • Theater days and guest performances by nationally known artists through Theater Zeitgeist

Recurring events

  • 'Open Garden' campaign in Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg. Gardens open their doors annually on the 3rd weekend in June. Participant gardens in the city and district of Plön.

Attractions

The old town with the Nikolaikirche, the district museum, which is located in the former old pharmacy, the town hall and many shops and cafes are worth seeing.

Plön Castle

Plön Castle

The Plön Castle is one of the most important Renaissance buildings in the country. It was the residence until the death of Duke Friedrich Karl von Schleswig-Holstein-Plön in 1761 and was then used for various purposes. Today it is owned by the Fielmann company .

Plön Castle Garden with Seven Star (formerly Jagdstern) Today the castle garden is owned by the German Foundation for Monument Protection . It is an important baroque garden that was created in the first half of the 17th century under Duke Friedrich Carl (r. 1729–1761). The transformation in the English landscape garden style took place in the middle of the 19th century, the reign of Christian VIII., By the royal court gardener Christian Schaumburg from Hanover.

Old apple orchard, formerly the ducal kitchen garden This was the first kitchen garden of the Plön residence under Duke Joachim Ernst, the builder of the Plön castle, at the beginning of the 17th century. In Prussian times it was used as an orchard. The restoration and completion took place under the leadership of the Friends of the Plöner Prinzenhaus e. V. took place as the 'old apple orchard' project, which was supplemented by the construction of a modern viewing pavilion based on the historical model of a tea pavilion from the time of King Christian VIII. Many historical fruit varieties were cataloged there and other historical varieties - apples and pears - were planted.

Parnassus Tower The Parnassus Tower is a 20 m high steel lattice tower built in 1888 by the Plön Beautification Association on a stone base as a viewing tower. It is open from April to October.

Water tower

Plön water tower

The former Plön water tower from 1913 is located in the east of the city and is now used as a residential tower.

Planet path On the Plön planet path along the beach path at the Großer Plöner See, the solar system, based on the sun symbol on the Marktbrücke pier, is depicted on a scale of 1: 2,000,000,000.

Museums

In Plön there is the Museum of the Plön District with the North German Glass Collection , the Nature Park House , the Prinzenhaus zu Plön and the Fritz During Foundation in the Plön District .

theatre

Plöner Speeldeel

The Plöner Speeldeel e. V. was founded in 1928 and performs Low German theater.

Krieglstein Marionette Theater

Opposite the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology (until 2007: MPI for Limnology) is the Krieglstein Marionette Theater. Ute Krieglstein designed the thread puppets including the stage set and played self-written pieces together with her husband Gerd, who is responsible for the technology. After years as a touring theater in Germany, in other European countries and several guest performances in South Korea, Puppen & Co have had a permanent venue in Plön since 2000.

Theater zeitgeist

The aim of the Theater Zeitgeist association is to hold cultural events such as theater performances of own or third-party plays as well as events with artists from the region.

Cultural associations

Plön Castle Swimming Pool Culture Forum

The Kulturforum swimming hall Schloss Plön e. V. is a non-profit association that was founded to promote and carry out cultural events in the field of education and science, music, literature, as well as performing and visual arts for the people of Plön and their guests in the Art Nouveau swimming pool. The members organize exhibitions, concerts, readings, jazz concerts, Low German evenings, scientific lectures and exhibitions in the Art Nouveau swimming pool.

Literature: Nice times in nice Plön (quote)

Plön around 1895

“The romantic trait was of course in my cradle through the whole direction of time. His vigorous development was not least nourished by the romantic beauty of Plön and its landscape. The small town lies, surrounded by lakes, on a narrow strip of land around the moderate hill, the height of which is occupied by the old ducal castle, surrounded by old trees, alleys and terraced gardens. Around the vast expanses of water of the lakes, which you can see from above with a single glance, a belt of magnificent beech forests stretches over rows of hills, with a fertile, laughing landscape in between. When on the evening of a bright summer day the moon threw its rays over the gently moving wave of the water surface, what a wonderful decoration to play a romantic heart game on the terraces and under the old trees ... "

- Rochus von Liliencron : memories of youth
Panorama from the Großer Plöner See in south direction. A viewing axis allows you to see as far as Nehmten Castle in clear weather . In the foreground between the buildings and the lakeshore runs the Kiel – Lübeck railway line : to the left (east) in the direction of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck , to the right (west) in the direction of Kiel , the state capital of Schleswig-Holstein.

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who lived or worked in Plön

  • Woldemar Friedrich von Schmettau (1749–1794), diplomat in the Danish service and writer
  • Alard du Bois-Reymond (1860–1922), engineer, patent attorney and inventor, son of the physiologist Emil Heinrich du Bois-Reymond .
  • Lili du Bois-Reymond (1864–1948), b. Hensel; Writer; Granddaughter of the composer Fanny Mendelssohn Bartholdy, married Fanny Hensel ; Wife of Alard du Bois-Reymond.
  • Johannes Kinder (1843–1914), long-time mayor and first honorary citizen of the city
  • Marie Schwertzel (1871–1950), gardener, founder of the Marienhöhe Horticultural School near Plön in Holstein
  • Siegfried Möller (1896–1970), German sculptor, ceramist and university professor

Trivia

Plön in the film

Plön train station first played a role in the UFA color film Immensee in 1943 . The station was called Immensee here, with Kristina Söderbaum , Carl Raddatz and Paul Klinger playing the main roles .

In 1969, the film Seven Days was made in Plön Castle, in the Plön area and on the beach in Sankt Peter-Ording .

In the early 1970s, the two ARD pre-evening television series Kleinstadtbahnhof (13 episodes in 1971/72) and Neues vom Kleinstadtbahnhof (13 episodes in 1972/1973) with Heidi Kabel and Gustav Knuth in the lead roles followed. In the series, the place is called Lüttin .

From 1997 the ARD early evening series Die Schule am See played in Plön. 44 episodes (1997-2000) with Mareike Carrière in the lead role were filmed against the backdrop of Castle Plön . Here, too, the boarding school was called Schloß Lüttin (boarding school, commanders ' villa and girls' house), in direct reference to the two series from the 1970s.

Web links

Commons : Plön  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ North Statistics Office - Population of the municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein 4th quarter 2019 (XLSX file) (update based on the 2011 census) ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ Link to the development plan 2000 ( memento of July 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) of the city of Plön.
  3. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein topography. Vol. 7: Munkbrarup - Pohnsdorf . 1st edition Flying-Kiwi-Verl. Junge, Flensburg 2006, ISBN 978-3-926055-88-0 , p. 346 ( dnb.de [accessed on July 22, 2020]).
  4. ^ Alfred Heggen (Ed.): 300 years of high school in Plön. Neumünster 2004, p. 15.
  5. ↑ see list of corporate sponsoring members under the list "Corporate sponsoring members" ( Memento from January 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ^ Hermann Weiß : Nationalpolitische Erziehungsanstalten (NPEA, more common NAPOLA). In: ders., Wolfgang Benz and Hermann Graml (eds.): Encyclopedia of National Socialism . Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1997, p. 597.
  7. ^ Institute for Schleswig-Holstein Contemporary and Regional History : VIMU. End of war , accessed on: May 31, 2017
  8. ↑ The surrender on the Timeloberg (PDF, 16 S .; 455 kB)
  9. ^ Alfred Heggen (Ed.): 300 years of high school in Plön. Neumünster 2004, pp. 37–44.
  10. ↑ http://ploen.active-city.net/city_info/webaccessibility/index.cfm?region_id=308&waid=79&design_id=0&item_id=0&modul_id=33&record_id=56938&keyword=0&eps=20&cat=0
  11. ↑ Mayor's ballot , July 17th, 2016. In: wahlen-ploen.active-city.de. Retrieved July 17, 2016 .
  12. ↑ Admin: Reporting on the result of the 1st ballot of the mayoral election | ploen-waehlt.de. (No longer available online.) In: ploen-waehlt.de - Mayor election in Plön on July 3, 2015. July 4, 2016, archived from the original on July 17, 2016 ; Retrieved July 17, 2016 .
  13. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein's municipal coat of arms
  14. ↑ Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein: Directory of vocational schools in Schleswig-Holstein 2019/2020
  15. ↑ Statistical Office for Hamburg and Schleswig-Holstein: Directory of general education schools in Schleswig-Holstein 2019/2020
  16. ^ Alard du Bois-Reymond: Invention and Inventor , published by Julius Springer, 1906.
  17. ^ Marion Heine: The Marienhöhe horticultural school in Plön. As a contribution in: Jahrbuch für Heimatkunde im Kreis Plön , Volume 46, 2016, pp. 5–57
  18. ↑ Exhibition catalog of the FÜRSTENBERG porcelain factory, p.10. Retrieved April 16, 2020 .