Revolutionary council of war
The Revolutionary Military Council (also Revolutionary Military Council ; Russian Революционный военный совет республики or 1923 Революционный военный совет СССР , abbreviated Реввоенсовет - Rewwojensowjet or РВС / RWS) was in Soviet Russia or the Soviet Union in the years 1918 to 1934 the highest collegial body for Administration and political supervision of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants . It was established by order of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on September 6, 1918 during the Russian Civil War .
history
By resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on September 2, 1918, Russia, which was in the middle of a civil war, was declared a "war camp" and the establishment of the Revolutionary War Council in place of the previous Supreme War Council ( Высший военный совет ) was decided. His duties included the direction of all military efforts of revolutionary Russia with the help of subordinate departments and staffs and the supervision of the revolutionary war councils of the fronts , armies and fleets . The actual direction of the military operations during the civil war lay with the field staff of the Revvojensovjet, which was manned by "military experts".
The members of the Revvoyensoviet were nominated by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Russia and confirmed by the Council of People's Commissars . The people's commissar for warfare and naval affairs held the presidency of the council. He was assisted by several deputies later.
On August 28, 1923, the "Revolutionary Council of War of the Republic" was transformed into the "Revolutionary Council of War of the USSR". By resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of June 20, 1934, the Revolutionary War Council was dissolved. It was replaced by an 80-strong military council with a more consultative role.
Subordinate staffs and administrations
At various times, the Revvojensovjet was subordinate to the following staffs and administrations:
- Administrative management ( Управление делами РВСР )
- Field staff of the Revvojensovjet ( Полевой штаб Реввоенсовета Республики )
- All-Russian main staff ( Всероглавштаб )
- All-Russian Office of Military Commissars ( Всероссийское бюро военных комиссаров ; later: "Political Administration of the RWS")
- Highest Military Inspection ( Высшая военная инспекция )
- Central Supply Department ( Центральное управление снабжения )
- Naval Department ( Морской отдел )
- Military Revolutionary Tribunal ( Военно-революционный трибунал )
- Military Legislation Council ( Военно-законодательный совет )
composition
Chairperson
- Leon Trotsky (September 6, 1918 to January 26, 1925)
- Michail Frunze (January 26 to October 31, 1925)
- Kliment Voroshilov (November 6, 1925 to June 20, 1934)
vice-chairman
- Efraim Skljanski (October 22, 1918 to March 11, 1924)
- Michail Frunze (March 11, 1924 to January 26, 1925)
- Josef Unschlicht (February 6, 1925 to June 2, 1930)
- Mikhail Laschewitsch (November 6, 1925 to May 20, 1927)
- Sergei Kamenew (May 20, 1927 to June 20, 1934)
- Jan Gamarnik (June 2, 1930 to June 20, 1934)
- Jeronim Uborewitsch (June 2, 1930 to June 11, 1931)
- Michail Tukhachevsky (June 11, 1931 to June 20, 1934)
Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of the Republic
- Jukums Vācietis (September 6, 1918 to July 8, 1919)
- Sergei Kamenew (July 8, 1919 to April 28, 1924)
Simple members
- Pyotr Kobozev (September 6, 1918 to April 27, 1919)
- Konstantin Mechonoschin (September 6, 1918 to July 8, 1919)
- Fyodor Raskolnikow (September 6 to December 27, 1918)
- Karl Danischewski (September 6, 1918 to April 27, 1919)
- Ivan Smirnov (September 6, 1918 to July 8, 1919)
- Arkadi Rosenholz (September 30, 1918 to July 8, 1919 and August 28, 1923 to December 10, 1924)
- Semjon Aralow (September 30, 1918 to July 8, 1919)
- Konstantin Jurenew (September 30, 1918 to July 8, 1919)
- Nikolai Podwoiski (September 30, 1918 to July 8, 1919)
- Vladimir Nevsky (September 30, 1918 to May 10, 1919)
- Vladimir Antonov-Ovsejenko (September 30, 1918 to May 10, 1919 and August 4, 1922 to February 5, 1924)
- Josef Stalin (October 8, 1918 to July 8, 1919 and May 18, 1920 to April 1, 1922)
- Wassili Altfater (October 15, 1918 to April 20, 1919)
- Alexei Okulow (January 3 to July 8, 1919)
- Iwar Smilga (May 8, 1919 to March 24, 1923)
- Sergei Gusew (June 21 to December 4, 1919 and May 18, 1921 to August 28, 1923)
- Alexei Rykow (July 8 to September 1919)
- Dmitri Kurski (December 2, 1919 to January 5, 1921)
- Nikolai Bryukhanov (February 7 to August 28, 1923)
- Michail Frunze (February 7, 1923 to March 11, 1924)
- Pavel Lebedev (March 20, 1923 to February 2, 1924)
- Stepan Danilow (August 28, 1923 to February 2, 1924)
- Semjon Budjonny (August 28, 1923 to June 20, 1934)
- Wazlaw Boguzki (August 28, 1923 to February 2, 1924)
- Schalwa Eliawa (August 28, 1923 to November 21, 1925)
- Alexander Myasnikov (August 28, 1923 to March 23, 1925)
- ? Kydyraliev (August 28, 1923 to November 21, 1925)
- Heidar Wesirow (August 28, 1923 to February 2, 1924)
- Josef Unschlicht (August 28, 1923 to February 6, 1925)
- Grigory Ordzhonikidze (February 2, 1924 to February 26, 1927)
- Kliment Voroshilov (February 2, 1924 to November 6, 1925)
- Andrei Bubnow (February 2, 1924 to October 1, 1929)
- Mikhail Laschewitsch (February 2, 1924 to November 6, 1925)
- Əliheydər Qarayev (February 2, 1924 to November 21, 1925)
- Sergei Kamenew (April 28, 1924 to May 20, 1927)
- Alexander Jegorow (May 10, 1924 to June 20, 1934)
- Vladimir Satonsky (May 10, 1924 to November 21, 1925)
- Alexander Asatkin (May 10 to December 3, 1924)
- Vyacheslav Sof (December 2, 1924 to August 20, 1926)
- Konstantin Jeremejew (December 2, 1924 to November 21, 1925)
- Josif Adamow (December 3, 1924 to November 21, 1925)
- Michail Tukhachevsky (February 7, 1925 to June 11, 1931)
- Pyotr Baranov (March 21, 1925 to June 28, 1931)
- Sergei Lukashin (March 26 to November 21, 1925)
- Romuald Muklewitsch (August 20, 1926 to December 31, 1933)
- Alexander Postnikow (May 3, 1927 to August 1, 1930)
- Jan Gamarnik (October 11, 1929 to June 2, 1930)
- Iona Jakir (June 3, 1930 to June 20, 1934)
- Jeronim Uborewitsch (June 11, 1931 to June 20, 1934)
- Vladimir Orlov (June 20, 1931 to June 20, 1934)
- Jakow Alksnis (June 20, 1931 to June 20, 1934)
- Robert Eideman (February 26, 1932 to June 20, 1934)
- Innokenti Chalepski (February 26, 1932 to June 20, 1934)
See also
literature
- Альберт П. Ненароков: Реввоенсовет Республики. 6 сентября 1918 г. – 28 августа 1923 г. Политиздат, Москва 1991, ISBN 5-250-00803-8 .
- Earl F. Ziemke: The Red Army 1918-1941. From Vanguard of World Revolution to US Ally (= Cass Series. Strategy and History. 7). Frank Cass, London et al. 2004, ISBN 0-415-40865-2 .
Web links
- Entry in the "Great Soviet Encyclopedia" (Russian)
- History of the Revvojensovjet (Russian)